A review on the effect of drug particle size on drug content uniformity using the concept of ideal mixing, with the goal of providing a model to predict when poor content uniformity will likely occur, and thereby, provide a strategy to set drug particle size specifications to avoid the problem.The concept of ideal mixing is compared to the approach of Yalkowsky and Bolton.The concept of ideal mixing is to make the drug particle size distribution in each dosage form the same as the lot of drug used to make the dosage forms.This is a reasonable goal, for if the particle size makeup of the drug in the dosage form did not match the drug itself, some segregation of drug particles would have to have occurred, leading to a lack of homogeneity.Any drug particle size reduction after the original milling due to processing, such as blending, roller compaction, and further milling of the drug and excipient blend, in general will be favorable to content uniformity.