AbstractBackgroundPatients with Alzheimer’s disease due to the peculiarities of this disease do not report constipation.MethodIn a study of 11 women with Alzheimer’s disease, aged 70‐75 years, we found that all of them had a tendency towards constipation. We divided the patients into two groups: a control group of 6 women who received help when they complained of constipation symptoms and an experimental group of 5 female patients who were routinely assessed by caregivers on their fecal status using the Bristol Scale. Through a combination of diet, physical exercises, and medication, we were able to maintain the type of feces in the experimental group at a level of 3‐5 on the Bristol Scale. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI‐Q) was filled out by nursing staff under medical supervision every month, and both groups of patients completed a monthly Quality of Life Scale.ResultAfter 3 months, we found that the patients in the control group did not seek help in a timely manner, despite receiving instructions. In contrast, the experimental group showed improvements in sleep, mood, and social communication. The NPI‐Q results showed that sleep normalized in the experimental group within 3‐4 weeks, with no early awakenings, difficulty falling asleep, or daytime sleep observed until the end of the study. Additionally, after 4‐5 weeks, the mood of these patients improved, and they showed less anxiety. They also became more cooperative and willing to help with their own care. In contrast, the control group experienced periodic anxiety, bad mood, dysphoria, sleep disorders, and resistance to nursing care. Furthermore, the experimental group subjectively assessed their quality of life higher than the control group.ConclusionIn conclusion, patients with Alzheimer’s disease require additional methods of control for the prevention and early detection of constipation. The timely application of these methods can greatly improve their subjective assessment of their quality of life, as well as their sleep, mood, and social communication. One such method is the use of the Bristol Scale by medical staff.

01 Dec 2024·Alzheimer's & Dementia

Melatonin to treat sleep disturbances in patients with Alzheimer’s disease

Author: Sushko, Viktor Vasilievich ; Sushko, Viacheslav Viktorovich

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease can cause sleep disturbances in humans, which can worsen other symptoms of the disease.MethodIn our study, we examined the sleep patterns of 23 patients with Alzheimer’s disease, aged 65‐74 years (20 women and 3 men), over 4 months. All patients reported experiencing poor sleep, including difficulty sleeping in the ward, frequent awakenings during the night, early morning awakenings, and daytime sleepiness. To assess their sleep, we conducted a polysomnographic study in a specialized ward with continuous monitoring of indicators, video, and audio control. This was done both before the patients were included in the study and after a month of melatonin administration. During the diagnostic night, a nurse was present to continuously observe the polysomnography process. Based on the results of the polysomnography, we constructed a hypnogram, which is a curve that depicts the quality of sleep, the number and duration of sleep stages, and their structure. The patients were given a dose of 1.5 mg of melatonin (half a tablet) 30 minutes before bedtime for 4 weeks, with gradual withdrawal.ResultIn the initial polysomnographic study, all patients showed shortened phases of rapid eye movement (REM) and slow eye movement (SEM), with a rapid transition between them during sleep. They also experienced long periods before falling asleep and 3 to 4 nocturnal awakenings. However, after a month of melatonin administration, the majority of patients showed a normalization of REM and SEM phases, in line with their age norms, and an improvement in the duration of sleep. The number of nocturnal awakenings also decreased to 1‐2, mostly between 4 and 6 hours. Additionally, patients were able to fall back asleep after awakening, and the time it took for them to fall asleep decreased. However, even after a month of melatonin supplementation, some patients still experienced early morning awakenings and daytime sleepiness and reported feeling unrefreshed after a night’s sleep.ConclusionIn conclusion, our study suggests that melatonin is effective in treating sleep disorders in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, and can help normalize the duration and frequency of REM and SEM phases during sleep.

19 Sep 2024·2024 14th International Conference on Advanced Computer Information Technologies (ACIT)

Method for Countering Attacks on the GNSS System in Maritime Transport

Author: Malaksiano, Mykola ; Polikarovskykh, Oleksiy ; Hula, Ihor

100 Deals associated with Odessa National Maritime University

100 Translational Medicine associated with Odessa National Maritime University

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