BACKGROUNDInfants given mothers' milk have higher resistance against infections than formula-fed counterparts. This protection is likely multifactorial, with roles for both milk immune factors and nutrients, particularly under elevated nutritional and disease stress.AIMThis study evaluated several milk nutrients/immune factors to assess associations with infant infectious disease during a severe drought.SUBJECTS AND METHODSThe study analysed morbidity recall data from Kenyan mother-infant dyads surveyed during a historic drought (n 84). Predictors of interest in logistic regression models of infant infections included milk sIgA, lactoferrin, retinol, folate receptor-α, fat, protein, and lactose. Adjustment variables included dyadic demographic characteristics and maternal infection. Akaike Information Criterion guided model fit assessment. Interactions between variables were allowed in the best-fit model.RESULTSIn the best-fit model, lactose was inversely (OR 0.93; 90% CI 0.89, 0.97), and maternal infection was positively (OR 2.80; 90% CI 1.04, 7.52) associated with infant infection. Milk immune factors (sIgA, lactoferrin) were not included in the final models.CONCLUSIONMothers' milk may protect infants against infection through a broad range of immune and nutrient components. In the context of severe drought with heightened nutritional and disease stress, lactose may protect against infection or decrease in the presence of an infection.

01 Oct 2025·Geological Society, London, Special Publications

Crustal properties beneath the northeastern United States shaped by past tectonic processes

Author: Webb, Laura ; Li, Yiran ; Long, Maureen D. ; Karabinos, Paul ; Link, Frederik ; Bourke, James R. ; Luo, Yantao ; Arce, Roberto Masis ; Espinal, Kimberly

Constraints on the thickness, transitional boundaries, and composition of Earth's crust are pivotal in studying its formation and evolution. We use data from 132 seismic installations throughout the northeastern US to explore how tectonic events, such as orogenesis and rifting, have altered the crust of the northeastern US and southeastern Canada, and to distinguish between Laurentia and the Appalachian terranes. We include data from seismic installations from the NEST and SEISConn experiments, spanning the Laurentia–Appalachian boundary, and present estimates of crustal thickness, Vp / Vs , and thickness of the transition between crustal and mantle rocks using Ps receiver functions. We find some first-order differences between Laurentia and Appalachian terranes, with Laurentia exhibiting thicker crust ( c. 39 v. c. 33 km) and a broader crust–mantle transition thickness ( c. 3 v. <1.5 km). Average Vp / Vs values are similar between Laurentia ( c. 1.77) and Appalachian terranes ( c. 1.74); however, we identify anomalous Vp / Vs in a few regions, including high Vp / Vs around the Adirondack Mountains and low Vp / Vs in southern New England. The southern New England region is also anomalous in terms of its systematically thinner crust and sharper crust–mantle transition, which may be a consequence of the formation and collapse of the Acadian altiplano during the mid-to-late Paleozoic.

01 Sep 2025·Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

Inducing dissociative states: A (re)view from the laboratory

Review

Author: Sleight, Fiona G ; Mattson, Richard ; McDonald, Charlie W ; Lynn, Steven Jay

Laboratory-based inductions of dissociative states promise to facilitate understanding of the etiology, maintenance, and treatment of dissociation and dissociative disorders. In the present scoping review, we identified articles via a systematic search of PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, PubMed, and Google Scholar, resulting in 59 articles that met a priori inclusion criteria. Of the 19 techniques described, numerous elicited changes in dissociative symptoms. However, studies were highly heterogeneous regarding their definition and measurement of dissociation. We call attention to relevant validity concerns presented by laboratory-based inductions and offer directions and recommendations for future research.

100 Deals associated with State University of New York at Binghamton

100 Translational Medicine associated with State University of New York at Binghamton

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