Microbial surface-active agents, such as rhamnolipids, represent an attractive substitute for synthetic surfactants. However, current production bioprocesses are generally inefficient. Adaptive laboratory evolution strategies could offer a promising avenue to improve secondary metabolites production. In the bacterium Burkholderia thailandensis, the social behaviour called swarming motility relies on biosynthesis of rhamnolipids. Since experimental swarming requires lower agar concentrations, we hypothesized that augmenting the agar concentration would constrain the cells to produce more rhamnolipids. Consecutive rounds of B. thailandensis cultivation on swarming media performed with increasing agar concentrations enhanced rhamnolipid production by the evolved populations, with a correlation between rhamnolipid production and agar concentrations. Whole-genome sequencing of superior producing evoluants revealed inactivating mutations in qsmR, which codes for a transcriptional regulator not known to influence rhamnolipid production. Results indicate that QsmR represses rhamnolipid biosynthetic genes transcription. The developed directed evolution strategy could be used to improve biosurfactant yields with other producing bacteria.

01 Jun 2025·Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

Core/shell 1T/2H-MoS2 nanoparticle induced synergistic effects for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction

Article

Author: Mouloua, Driss ; El Marssi, Mimoun ; Jouiad, Mustapha ; Rajput, Nitul S ; Vicart, Thomas ; El Khakani, My Ali ; Asbani, Bouchra

Green hydrogen is a highly sought-after clean fuel for the next generation of engines aimed at achieving net-zero emissions. Herein, we design and fabricate a mixed-phase core/shell nanoparticles consisting of a semiconducting 2H-MoS₂ core and a metallic 1T-MoS₂ coating. The core/shell exhibits spherical morphology with an average diameter of 60 nm. To leverage this unique structure, we develop a photocathode device composed of 1T/2H-MoS₂ core/shell integrated with p-type silicon to catalyze hydrogen evolution reaction via water splitting driven by solar energy. The core/shell device demonstrates, at zero bias, a remarkable current density of -13.5 ± 1 mA/cm² and an onset potential of 110 mV. Additionally, the device exhibited a rapid photoresponse time and a high incident photon-to-current efficiency reaching 80 % at 450 nm. Our findings highlight the synergistic effect of 1T/2H-MoS₂ mixed-phase core/shell structure in developing the next generation of high-efficient photocatalysts for green hydrogen generation.

01 Jun 2025·Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Advances in membrane bioreactor for landfill leachate treatment: A review of characterization, challenges, and novel configurations

Author: Blais, Jean-Francois ; Tiwari, Bikash R. ; Drogui, Patrick ; Brar, Satinder Kaur ; El Hachimi, Oumaima

Landfill leachate (LFL) is a complex wastewater that poses a serious environmental threat for the public health, owing to the toxic and recalcitrant nature of its components.Hence, an effective treatment is imperative before being discharged into the environment.To ensure an appropriate treatment, a thorough comprehension of LFL physico-chem. properties is essential.In addition to conventional contaminants such as COD, BOD, solids, ammonia, metals, recent studies have reported the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and emerging contaminants such as bisphenols, PFAS, xenobiotics in trace concentrationsWhile conventional detection techniques are chem. and time consuming and reveal limited information regarding DOM, spectroscopic techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy are comparably more efficient, and effective.Furthermore, the conventional MBR has shown lower efficiency for treating old LFL and removal of heavy metals, phosphorus, micropollutants and recalcitrant.However, novel configurations in MBR such as high-retention MBRs (nanofiltration-MBR, osmotic MBR, and membrane distillation bioreactor), and electrochem. MBR are more effective alternatives with excellent removal efficiencies of micropollutants, and pharmaceuticals.One of the major limitations in MBR is membrane fouling which reduces the lifetime of membrane and in turn increases the operational cost of MBRs.Novel strategies such as elec. or mech. assisted scouring, chem. cleaning, enzymic treatment and the development of novel nanomaterial-based membranes have been proposed to mitigate membrane fouling in MBRs.Further, it is essential to decipher the microbial dynamics in MBR which facilitates contaminant removal by using genome sequencing tools and understand the economic and environmental aspects of MBR.

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