Objective To determine the content of baicalin from Radix Scutellariae herbal materials and decoction residues, and to explore the in vitro antibacterial effect of baicalin.Methods UV-spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of baicalin from herbal materials, decoction residues 1(compounds extracting), and decoction residues 2(single herb extracting)of Radix Scutellariae.The double dilution method and paper method were used to determine the min. inhibitory concentration(MIC)of herbal materials, decoction residues 1, and decoction residues 2 of Radix Scutellariae against the Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and their diameter of the inhibition zone.Results The content of baicalin from herbal materials, decoction residues 1, and decoction residues 2 of Radix Scutellariae was 4.91%, 2.05%, 2.25%, resp.;the min. inhibitory concentration of Radix Scutellariae herbal materials against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 0.98, 3.91, 62.5 mg/mL, and the diameter of the inhibition zone was 17.5, 15.5, 9.0 mm, resp.;the min. inhibitory concentration of Radix Scutellariae decoction residues 1 against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 31.25, 125, >250 mg/mL, and the diameter of the inhibition zone was 11.0, 0, 0 mm, resp.; the min. inhibitory concentration of Radix Scutellariae decoction residues 2 against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 31.25, >250, >250 mg/mL, and the diameter of the inhibition zone was 10.0, 0, 0 mm, resp.;the min. inhibitory concentration of the pos. control drug Chinese herbal compound NZ against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 0.24, 1.95, 31.25 mg/mL, and the inhibition zone diameter was 22.0, 22.0, 21.0 mm, resp.Conclusion The content and MIC value of baicalin between from Radix Scutellariae compounds extracting decoction residues and from Radix Scutellariae single herb extracting decoction residues are not significantly different, and the decoction residues have better utilization value with baicalin content as the index.The MIC values of the two decoction residues against different strains are significantly different, and the difference reaches 39 times that of the original herb.