Determination of log removal values of bacteria by spiral-wound reverse osmosis modules and a hollow fiber ultrafiltration module using Escherichia coli and indigenous heterotrophic bacteria as indicators

Q4 · ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ECOLOGY

Article

Author: Ohkouchi, Yumiko ; Ase, Tomonobu

AbstractThe use of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes has been expanding not only to medical applications but also to water supply and reclaimed water applications due to its strong ability to remove a wide range of contaminants. Many researchers reported RO performance as a barrier against waterborne viruses; however, there are limited reports on its ability to remove bacteria from water. This investigation evaluated the removal performances of several spiral-wound RO modules and a hollow fiber ultrafiltration (UF) module in two different ways: dosing tests in batch-wise mode operation and in continuous-mode operation. The dosing tests of Escherichia coli using RO modules confirmed that E. coli could leak from the feed-side into the permeate. The log removal values (LRVs) (4.21- to >7.44-log10) by the RO modules from different production lots were found to vary greatly. In continuous-mode operation of the RO module, the LRVs for indigenous heterotrophic bacteria decreased over the operation period. These results clearly illustrate that bacteria, which originate on the feed-side, can leak into the permeate-side and then begin to proliferate in the permeate. On the other hand, using a UF module, E. coli was not detected in the permeate regardless of the operation mode.

22 Jan 2017·Separation Science and Technology

Enhanced production of water for haemodialysis using electrodeionization

Author: Ase, Tomonobu ; Sato, Toshio ; Watabe, Tomoichi

Water for haemodialysis (WFH), which is manufactured on-site in haemodialysis hospitals, is indispensable for haemodialysis therapy.Water treatment systems for manufacturing WFH primarily consist of membrane separation technologies: reverse osmosis (for chem. contaminants) and ultrafiltration (for microbial contaminants).To further improve the quality of WFH, we successfully apply adsorption technol., namely electrodeionization (EDI), after reverse osmosis to remove addnl. chem. contaminants and microbial contaminants from WFH.When the DC current was supplied to the EDI system, we found that single-stranded bacterial DNA could also be removed by the EDI, as well as viable bacteria and endotoxins.

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