The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of superior-subordinate trust on employee quit intention through the mediation of job satisfaction and affective commitment among the executives working in Indian cement industries. We have adopted social exchange theory as base theory, in which trust in superiors is treated as an exogenous variable and intention to leave as an endogenous variable, with affective commitment and job satisfaction considered as mediating variables. Sequential mediation was performed. The data was collected from 305 executives through questionnaires from eight top Indian cement-producing organisations. According to the findings, trust in superiors predicted job satisfaction significantly. Furthermore, affective commitment was influenced by both trust in superiors and job satisfaction. Further, all three predictors (i.e., trust in superiors, job satisfaction, and affective commitment) predicting intention to quit. Interestingly, we also observed that both job satisfaction and affective commitments serially mediate trust in superiors and the intention to quit. The results can be used to make executives happy and satisfied at work and make them more emotionally committed to their jobs, which will lead to a low rate of attrition.

01 Jun 2025·Carbohydrate Research

Biopolymeric starch-based matrix: A sustainable platform for slow release fertilizers

Review

Author: Prabha, Mani ; Tripathi, Devendra Narayan ; Singh, Vandana ; Yadav, Pankaj Kumar ; Tiwari, Puneet ; Malviya, Tulika

Starch, a renewable and biodegradable biopolymer, offers immense potential as a base material for developing slow-release fertilizers. This study focuses on utilizing starch-based materials to encapsulate nutrients that enable slow and regulated release in response to environmental conditions. Various methods like chemical reduction, crosslinking, sol-gel, mixing and blending, etc. with other polymers were explored for modification of starch. These alterations may help to increase the mechanical strength and also enhance the water resistance along with the release dynamics of the fertilizer matrix. The potential use of starch-based fertilizers in maximizing crop yield as well as plant growth and lowering nutrient losses was also explored. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the most recent findings on starch, including its modification in addition to its applications in slow-release fertilizers. It also highlights their ability to boost productivity, enhance nutrient management, and support sustainable farming practices.

01 Apr 2025·Indian Journal of Physics

Generalised transformation relations for superluminal particles in (3 + 1) dimensional system

Author: Vaish, Garima ; Srivastava, Vivek Kumar ; Verma, Alok Kumar

Abstract: Here, we have proposed new transformation relations between two inertial frames with relative velocity greater than speed of light and discussed the required conditions to detect superluminal particles in the phys. realm.A novel theor. formulation is conceptualized to uniquely depict the frame of reference, valid for all ranges of velocities, in a complex plane.In the tachyonic regime, the super-relativistic gamma factor is obtained by parameterizing the generalised gamma factor using the complementary frames of reference of superluminal and subluminal spaces.The formulations of transformation relations have been analyzed in four different classes, i.e., two inter and two intra classes of frames, for subluminal and superluminal particles.The intra classes of frames encompass real gamma factors, while, inter classes of frames involve imaginary gamma factors.These transformation relations in all four different classes are expressed in 4-vector form with their resp. transformation matrixes (Λ) and are found to be invariant under the transformations.This invariancy has led to the establishment of relationships among the transformation factors in stationary and moving frames.The velocity 4-vector relations for subluminal and superluminal particles, both in moving and stationary frames, have been evaluated.The 4-velocity transformation relations between particle velocity in stationary and moving frames are also introduced by using the transformation matrixes.Based on these 4-velocity transformations, relative velocity addition relations have been deduced and discussed corresponding to each of the transformation relations.The generalised gamma factor has been concluded and validated for both frames of reference

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