Yogi Vemana University

Tandem solar cell technol. attracted intensified research attention due to its potentiality in optimize the power conversion performance.The present study reveals development of poineering tandem antimony selenide solar cells by integrate dye sensitized solar cell.The prepared Sb₂Se₃ film evidenced bandgap values of 1.07 eV-1.18 eV offers quite suitable for fabricate solar cells.The develop tandem solar cell evidenced higher power conversion effieincy of 11.58 % with champion c.d. of 28.36 mA/cm², whereas the individual antimony selenide solar cell evidenced 3.12 % efficiency whereas dye sensitized solar cell proved 8.81 %.

This study aims to assess hydrological degradation prone zones (HDPZs) in the semiarid Tungabhadra River (TBR) Basin through integrating geospatial data and advanced statistical techniques. The novelty of this research lies in the application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to combine diverse datasets, including spectral indices (NDVI, SAVI, NDWI, NDSI, BSI, WRI), geological features, geomorphology, and hydrological parameters, for a comprehensive spatial assessment. High-resolution satellite imagery, terrain data, and field-based observations derived key environmental indices. These datasets were standardized and analyzed through PCA to identify significant contributors to hydrological degradation and to map priority zones for management interventions. The results identified five distinct HDPZ categories: Highly Safe (14.67 %), Safe (28.83 %), Moderate (30.65 %), Degraded (20.70 %), and Highly Degraded (5.14 %), with spatial patterns influenced by geological, hydrological, and anthropogenic factors. The PCA analysis highlighted the dominant role of vegetation health, soil salinity, drainage density, and lineament density in driving degradation. The model's validity was confirmed through the AUC-ROC curve, yielding an AUC value of 0.841, indicating the high accuracy and reliability of the PCA-based classification. These findings offer valuable insights into the spatial prioritization of conservation efforts and sustainable water resource management in semiarid regions. This study demonstrates the potential of integrated geospatial approaches to address environmental degradation and provides a replicable methodology for similar vulnerable basins. By integrating scientific Analysis with practical applications, this research contributes to effective land, water, and environmental management, emphasizing the need for adaptive strategies in response to climatic and anthropogenic pressures.

This research focuses on the development of an environmentally friendly and cost-effective bio-nanocomposite composed of karaya gum (KG) biopolymer-based zinc oxide nanoflowers (KG@ZnONFs), which are highly valued in treatment applications due to their unique physical and chemical properties. UV-vis absorption of ZnONFs was found around 370 nm. XRD pattern revealed the crystalline nature of KG@ZnONFs with 22.7 nm crystallite size. FE-SEM and HR-TEM elucidated the flower like morphology with average length 204.65 ± 29 nm and in diameter 290 ± 49.04 nm. XPS and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) showed the ZnO elemental composition. The prepared KG@ZnONFs showed the blood compatibility. The antioxidant activity of ZnONFs was evaluated using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay and showed IC₅₀ value of 230 ± 20 μg/mL. The MTT assay conducted on HePG2 (liver cancer cells) revealed reduced cell viability in proportion to the concentration of KG@ZnONFs (IC₅₀ 270 ± 18 μg/mL). FACS analyses confirmed that KG@ZnONFs induced apoptosis in HePG2 cells. Furthermore, KG@ZnONFs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria in a descending order along with significant antibiofilm effects. These results that KG@ZnONFs exhibit antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial properties and could be useful for therapeutic applications.