The chapter investigates the bioefficacy of various botanicals against Caryedon serratus (groundnut beetle) under laboratory conditions over a year. The study tested powders, ethanolic extracts, chromatographic fractions, essential oils, and pellets derived from various plants at 1% concentration. Among the tested botanicals, powders and active components of Carum copticum, Acorus calamus, Ocimum sanctum, and Syzizium aromaticum exhibited 100% protection of groundnut pods/kernels. Essential oils such as Nilgiri (Eucalyptus), Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus), Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora), and Crown oil (Shorea robusta), as well as pellets of Camphor, Carum copticum, and Mentha spicata (Peppermint), were highly effective. The LD50 values were found to be 0.5% v/w and 0.5% w/w, respectively. Active compounds like 1,8-Cineol and α-pinene were identified using GC-MS analysis. These phytoproducts, due to their strong aromatic nature, show potential as fumigants or insect repellents for protecting stored groundnuts.

01 Jan 2023·Frontiers in public health

Evaluation of online videos to engage viewers and support decision-making for COVID-19 vaccination: how narratives and race/ethnicity enhance viewer experiences.

Article

Author: Breiman, Robert F ; Salmon, Daniel A ; Jamison, Amelia M ; Brewer, Janesse ; Kao, Lee-Sien ; Lavery, James V ; Gust, Deborah A ; Sargent, Rikki H ; Josiah Willock, Robina ; Shaw, Jana ; Rimal, Rajiv N ; Orenstein, Walter A ; Schuh, Holly B ; Dudley, Matthew Z ; Orton, Peter Z ; Laurie, Shaelyn ; Weakland, Leo F

BackgroundVaccine hesitancy has hampered the control of COVID-19 and other vaccine-preventable diseases.MethodsWe conducted a national internet-based, quasi-experimental study to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine informational videos. Participants received an informational animated video paired with the randomized assignment of (1) a credible source (differing race/ethnicity) and (2) sequencing of a personal narrative before or after the video addressing their primary vaccine concern. We examined viewing time and asked video evaluation questions to those who viewed the full video.ResultsAmong 14,235 participants, 2,422 (17.0%) viewed the full video. Those who viewed a personal story first (concern video second) were 10 times more likely to view the full video (p < 0.01). Respondent-provider race/ethnicity congruence was associated with increased odds of viewing the full video (aOR: 1.89, p < 0.01). Most viewers rated the informational video(s) to be helpful, easy to understand, trustworthy, and likely to impact others' vaccine decisions, with differences by demographics and also vaccine intentions and concerns.ConclusionUsing peer-delivered, personal narrative, and/or racially congruent credible sources to introduce and deliver vaccine safety information may improve the openness of vaccine message recipients to messages and engagement.

03 Apr 2021·Anatolia

Generational thought

Author: Jirasek, Angela ; Taillon, Justin

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