OBJECTIVESTricalcium citrate (TCC) was characterized as a tableting excipient for direct compression (DC) and dry granulation (DG).SIGNIFICANCEBrittle materials usually lead to tablets of inferior mechanical strength compared to plastic deforming materials. A brittle material exhibiting a high tabletability with the ability to retain that behavior during recompression would represent a valuable alternative to the commonly used microcrystalline cellulose.METHODSTablets of TCC and other common fillers were directly compressed for the purpose of compression analysis including Heckel analysis, speed dependency, and lubricant sensitivity. DG by roller compaction of TCC was first simulated via briquetting and experiments were subsequently repeated on a roller compactor.RESULTSTCC appears as an excellent flowing powder of large agglomerates consisting of lower micron to submicron platelets. Despite the brittle deformation mechanism identified in the Heckel analysis, TCC demonstrated a very high mechanical strength up to 11 MPa in conjunction with an astonishingly low solid fraction of 0.85 at a compression pressure of 400 MPa. This was seen along with hardly any speed and lubricant sensitivity. Nevertheless, disintegration time was very short. TCC tablets suffered only a little from the re-compression: a slight loss in tensile strength of 1-2 MPa was observed for granules produced via roller compaction.CONCLUSIONSTCC was found to be suitable for DC as a predominantly brittle deforming filler, nevertheless demonstrating an enormous hardness yield while being independent of lubrication and tableting speed. TCC furthermore retained enough bonding capacity after DG to maintain this pronounced tabletability.

Innovations in Food Technology

Calcium lactate gluconate - the innovative solution for extra calcium

Author: Gerstner, Gerhard

Calcium lactate gluconate is a novel product for calcium fortification in food and beverages.The exceptional characteristics of calcium lactate gluconate, combining high solubility and neutral taste, lead to new applications in a wide range of premium products.

Agro Food Industry Hi-Tech

Trimagnesium citrates: the new healthy choice for functional foods

Author: Gerstner, Gerhard

A review.Besides calcium (bone health, anti-obesity effect) and potassium (heart health) the mineral magnesium is getting increasing attention in the functional foods and supplements industry.Several human studies have highlighted the beneficial effect of this important mineral on muscle functionality, bone health, hypertension, inflammation, asthma, headaches and even diabetes.In Europe, the soon-to-come regulation on fortification and health claims will enable manufacturers to use high effective magnesium salts such as trimagnesium citrates for fortification purposes.In the USA, trimagnesium citrates just recently were acknowledged GRAS status and can from now on be used for fortification of food and beverages.In this article, Dr. Gerhard Gerstner from Jungbunzlauer, a leading manufacturer of highly bioavailable organic mineral salts used in food, dietetic products and Pharmaceuticals, sheds some light on magnesium physiol. and bioavailability with a focus on trimagnesium citrates.

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