Medical manufacturers are always trying to stay ahead of the “newest and hottest” trends that could end up revolutionizing a rapidly changing industry.
Freudenberg Medical, a 40-year-old contract design & manufacturing organization, has locked in on the future of silicone micro molding.
While the company is currently using micro molding for advances in the ophthalmology space in particular, Freudenberg believes that micro-molding is changing medicine and enabling high-precision, low profile devices that can be used across all clinical specialties.
The company has started using silicone micro molding to develop the Punctum Plug, a silicone device 0.02 in / 0.5 mm in diameter used as an alternative to eye drops by blocking tear duct drainage. While nearly 300 million people worldwide and 20 million in the U.S. suffer from chronic dry eye, until now, there have been few advancements in the space beyond traditional eye drops.
Freudenberg is now optimistic that micro molding will expand far beyond the Punctum Plug. Luis Cortez, Vice President of Freudenberg Medical Specialty Components, and Tom Diaz, Director of New Program Engineering at Freudenberg Medical, spoke with
MD+DI
about the device, and how it could spur many more developments in medical manufacturing.
Beyond ophthalmology, what other medical specialties are benefiting from advances in silicone micro molding technology?
Cortez:
Outside of ophthalmology, silicone molding is having a big impact in the cardiovascular space, in the diabetes, neurology space, really all segments. Silicone itself is a very biocompatible material, and it does play well with miniaturization and even some smart devices, so we are seeing an increase in use across many of the different segments.
Diaz:
A lot more people are learning to design with silicone as well. Silicone, the types of silicone, the materials have better characteristics that they didn't have before. So people are doing a lot more design with them, and we are seeing them used in many different ways.
How has micro molding technology evolved to address challenges in implantable medical devices across different bodily systems?
Diaz:
Some of the biggest things for that area is that the mold making has become more capable, tooling itself has become more advanced to cut more intricate geometry and there's other things in the way of micro nozzles being used now in these molds. You can eliminate the runner, which brings more value to the customer and to the molder, and the technologies combined gives you as a mold maker and a manufacturer of these parts a lot of ability to get the quality we need.
Cortez:
Again with the improving technologies around tooling, that then allows us to manufacture parts around the processing equipment. Companies like ourselves have the technical expertise to go in and support customers with smaller medical components, specifically silicone molding, that then allows them to lower the overall envelope of the device, making it easier for implantation, much more wearable, longer lasting, and biocompatible with the body. Being able to make parts smaller allows customers to solve chronic conditions that in the past required surgery or an external medical device. That can then be solved with miniaturization of a device that can be diagnostic or implanted, which also helps with patient compliance, which can be the biggest issue with any kind of external device or something that the patient has to take.
What unique material properties make silicone particularly valuable for micro-scale medical applications compared to other materials?
Diaz:
Silicone mold flows really well. With micro molding, by its definition, creating small parts and small features, the use of silicone you can mold those features much more easily than with other materials. You will also have more precise geometry and a longer length.
Cortez:
Obviously silicone processing itself is more niche than thermoplastic molding, so certainly it requires a lot of technical expertise. At Freudenberg, that is our advantage, as we have been doing silicone molding since 1984 and we have learned a lot about silicone processing. We have invested in the latest technologies, and we have multiple sites across the globe that support us. Specifically in silicone processing, we have three sites that deal with silicone processing and manufacturing. Combined, we have expertise, the latest technologies we invest in, and our FTI division where we focus on materials science and materials knowledge. If you combine that with the properties of silicone, we are able to come up with many solutions for our customers.
What are the most significant quality control challenges when manufacturing medical components at the micro scale, and how does Freudenberg address them?
Cortez:
From a medical manufacturing perspective, quality is paramount to our process and to ultimately providing the right solutions for our customers. Controlling quality starts with the quality culture, it starts with the investment and the training of all of our associates to understand that quality is the most important piece and the most important thing customers are looking for, and then you combine that with the technology required to make sure you can measure and control the process for these mini silicone components. Having the latest technology in terms of vision systems is critically important, because those are small parts that you can’t necessarily hold up and see the visual defects unless they are under magnification. So having the latest technology is critically important, as well as robust validation processes.
Diaz:
Quality is key across all areas of our business. Everybody is trained how to look at parts. Every job that goes out, we make sure the person is trained and knows what to look for on a visual basis. Quality runs throughout the training, and we take great pride in it.
How might advances in materials science further expand the capabilities of medical micro molding?
Diaz:
One of them that we are exploring more and more at Freudenberg is conductivity of silicones. So you can make a product, perhaps out of a conductive silicone, where you can replace PC boards and things like that. Other things that we are seeing in silicone is more and more materials that are able to meet customer specifications more readily. The durometers are changing, they are more consistent, the flow of materials is consistent, the purity of the materials is more consistent. We are right down the street from one of the biggest silicone manufacturers around, which we partner with. We talk to them all the time about what our customers expectations are and it seems like everybody is making advancements every day.
Cortez:
We work with all of the silicone suppliers out there. We are quite familiar with what's out in the market, and combined with our FTI division, from a material science perspective, when a customer has a very challenging application or device, we are able to support that with some of our materials expertise to evaluate and help them during the design phase. Conductive silicone is definitely a very important area, because as devices are getting smaller, smarter, and integrating electronics, things like conductive silicone are very important to being able to miniaturize the device.
Is there anything else you want to expand on?
Diaz:
We have a project management system, so the value we bring for the micromolder, since it is unique, a lot of our customers don't have that much experience in the manufacturing process that can deliver a robust part. Using our PMO system, one of the biggest things we do is design for manufacturability with the customer. That gives us the opportunity to help them design a more robust part. We have a lot of expertise in our engineering about silicone. We have some of the best silicone molders in the world, and we have some of the best partners in tooling as well. Between all of us, we bring a unique value to our customer by helping them design a better part.
Cortez:
The last thing I would add is we obviously spoke a lot about silicone molding. Silicone itself is more than that. We don't only do molding, but silicone extrusion as well. Because we offer that capability as well, a lot of devices are getting smaller and we have the ability to combine silicone extrusion with silicone molding. Things like two-shot molding can even be used for smaller applications, in which we are able to mold two different silicone materials, different durometers, in some cases two entirely different materials. All of that does play into the miniaturization of devices when you can then complete an evolving process all in one cycle, one piece of equipment, versus traditionally maybe two different processes or appendages. From a capability perspective, we are able to work with our customers to offer a fully integrated solution.