Influence of altitudinal variation on the chemodiversity and in-vitro antioxidant potential of essential oils of Micromeria biflora (Buch. -Ham. ex D. Don) Benth. from Uttarakhand, India

Author: Pandey, Hemant K. ; Gangwar, Aabha ; Joshi, Manisha ; Tewari, Geeta ; Bisht, Mamta ; Pande, Chitra ; Tewari, Lalit M. ; Kharkwal, Girish C.

Micromeria biflora, a valuable medicinal herb of the family Lamiaceae, is abundantly present in different regions of Uttarakhand, India.The essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS and 99.6 %, 96.2 %, 97.8 %, and 99.0 % of essential oil were identified in the samples from Pithoragarh (MBP), Champawat (MBC), Nainital (MBN) and Almora (MBA), resp.The essential oil composition was significantly affected by locations and altitude, as camphor (61.0 %) was dominant in MBP, β-(E)-caryophyllene was dominant in MBC (32.9 %) and MBA (42.6 %), while germacrene D-4-ol (33.4 %) in MBN.Camphor and germacrene-D-4-ol were identified for the first time in this study.The antioxidant potential was measured by DPPH, ABTS scavenging and metal chelation assays.It was observed that the oil yield and IC₅₀ values were inversely proportional to altitude.M. biflora collected at the lowest altitude (MBP) showed the highest oil yield and significant antioxidant properties, making it a promising source of camphor.In-silico mol. docking along with pass prediction and the Lipinski rule were also analyzed.

01 Jun 2025·Current Bioactive Compounds

Docking Investigations Targeting Receptors 2AZ5 and 5KIR, along with the Synthesis and Pharmacological Assessment of Derivatives of 7-Hydroxy-4-Methyl Coumarin

Author: Sahoo, Nalini Kanta ; Pargaien, Amrita Verma ; Gupta, Jahanvi ; Singh, Anita ; Kaur, Komalpreet ; Gupta, Sakshi

Background:Inflammation, a crucial defense mechanism of the immune system, seeks to safeguard and restore tissue equilibrium in response to tissue damage or infection by pathogens. Key indicators of inflammation include redness, discomfort, swelling, warmth, and impaired function. However, unmanaged inflammation can lead to serious health issues.Objective:The aim of this research work is to perform docking studies to find out the potent antiinflammatory activity of various moieties (Schiff bases, hydrazones, and amino acid) derivatives, which are attached to C-8 of 7-hydroxy-4-methyl coumarins. Also, the synthesized compounds were characterized and their pharmacological evaluation (in-vitro and in-vivo study) was conducted.Methods:Lipinski's Rule of Five assessed drug-likeness for each designed molecule. Molecular docking with COX-2 protein was conducted using AutoDock vina to identify the highest-scoring molecule. Various novel coumarin derivatives, which include Schiff bases, hydrazone, and amino acid derivatives (F, G, and H, respectively) were prepared by inserting the formyl group at the C- 8 position of 7- hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin. At first, the docking studies were performed against 2AZ5 and 5KIR receptors to find the activity against inflammation. Also, the compounds with the best dock scores were synthesized and elucidated by FT-IR, 1H- NMR, and Mass spectroscopy. Moreover, a series of novel derivatives were screened in in-vitro and in-vivo to evaluate the potent anti-inflammatory activity.Results:All the novel derivatives, which were synthesized have been found to show potent antiinflammatory activity by in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation. Among all the derivatives, compound F1 showed the highest inhibitory effect against TNF-α and COX-2 enzymes.Conclusion:Our result exhibited potential anti-inflammatory activity of the novel coumarin compounds, especially the substituted anilines and amino acids at C8 of the coumarin moiety, which works against TNF- α and COX-2 enzyme.

01 Jun 2025·Current Bioactive Compounds

Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Leaves of Malvaviscus arboreus Dil.Ex.cav in High-fat Diet (HFD) Induce Hyperlipidemia in Wistar Rats

Author: Kumar, Tirath ; kaur, Virender ; Rastogi, Mansi ; Srivastava, Rajnish

Aim:The present study aimed to explore the therapeutic efficacy of an ethanolic extract of Malvaviscus arboreus Dil.Ex.cav against HFD-induced hyperlipidemia in experimental rats.Background:Dietary alterations influence normal metabolic function and provide significant risks for cardiovascular disease and oxidative stress. The likelihood of dyslipidemia is related to the intake of HFD and is associated with increased LDL and VLDL cholesterol in humans. This condition also increases the risk of atherosclerosis, diabetes, and hepatosteatosis.Objective:The objective of the present study is to determine whether the EEMA can help in reducing elevated levels of lipids (such as cholesterol and triglycerides) in HFD-induced hyperlipidemia in Wistar rats.Methods:Normal control (Group I) receives a normal standard pellet. HFD was given to all the experimental groups for 15 days without any treatment to achieve hyperlipidemia. Except for the negative control group, the positive control, the low dose (300 mg/kg), and the high dose (600 mg/kg), EEMA groups were treated for the next 16th to 28th days along with the HFD. The lipid profile (TC, TG, HDL, LDL, and VLDL) and liver markers (AST, ALT, and ALP) were estimated at the end of the study on the 29th day.Results:The oral administration of EEMA offered significant dose-dependent protection against HFD-induced hyperlipidemia. It significantly improved the lipid profile and liver function biomarkers as compared to a negative control group, with the maximum effects recorded by the EEMA at 600 mg/kg b.w.Conclusion:The present study revealed that the EEMA protects against HFD-induced hyperlipidemia.

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