Identification of the STY13 gene family across the entire genome and an analysis of the essential function of GhSTY13-12 in cotton’s response to abiotic stress

Article

Author: Lu, Quanwei ; Wan, Sumei ; Zhang, Shaoliang ; Liu, Zili ; Liu, Yuling ; Wei, Yangyang ; Shan, Huiyun ; Peng, Renhai ; Hu, Shoulin ; Yang, Xiaojie ; Bo, Xiaopei ; Li, Pengtao ; Li, Jiahui

Cotton is an important cash crop, and its yield and quality were affected by abiotic stresses. The serine/threonine protein kinase STY13 gene, belonging to the protein kinase family, is one of the largest and most functionally diverse gene families, which is a critical regulatory molecule for cell function. In this study, we systematically identified and analyzed the STY13 gene family in two major cultivated cotton species (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense) and their two ancestors (Gossypium arboretum and Gossypium raimondii). A total of 46, 50, 26 and 24 STY13 genes were identified from these four species, respectively. Phylogeny analysis showed that cotton STY13 genes (cotton STY protein kinase genes) could be classified into five groups. This gene family was evenly distributed on each chromosome in cotton. STY13 genes contain light-responsive elements, stress-responsive elements, growth and developmental elements, and multiple gene and protein binding sites. Most motifs in the STY13 proteins were conserved and had similar distribution patterns. However, there were some differences in specific motifs in different subfamilies. Gene expression analysis based on RNA-seq and qRT-PCR showed that STY13 genes were responsive to abiotic stress. GhSTY13-12 gene was located in cytoplasm. Silencing of the GhSTY13-12 gene resulted in reduced leaf chlorosis, increased total antioxidant capacity, decreased malondialdehyde content, and enhanced drought and salt tolerance. These results provide a scientific basis for further research on the function of STY13 in cotton and its application on cotton trait improvement.

01 Jul 2025·Food Chemistry

Postharvest ripening-induced modification of cell wall polysaccharide affects plum phenolic bioavailability

Article

Author: Xiao, Hong-Wei ; Xu, Ming-Qiang ; Tao, Yang ; Wang, Qing-Hui ; Xie, Yong-Kang ; Niu, Xiao-Xiao ; Zhang, Feng-Lun

The mechanisms by which cell wall polysaccharides regulate phenolic release are essential to human health. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface area and porosimetry analyzer, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicated that compared to fresh plums, postharvest ripening reduced chain linearity in the homogalacturonan region of pectins and the degree of branching of RG-I; pectin and hemicellulose underwent solubilization and depolymerization by cell wall-degrading enzymes; and the specific surface area of cellulose was reduced by 19.5 %-26.8 %, with aggregation of cellulose occurring. In addition, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), polyphenol adsorption experiments, and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion experiments showed that the cell wall modifications under postharvest ripening process induced phenolics release and increased the bioaccessibility of plums: compared to the fresh plums, the equilibrium adsorption capacity of the cell wall of late postharvest ripened plums was reduced by 42.6 % (for epicatechin) and 27.4 % (for chlorogenic acid), and the bioaccessibility index of postharvest plum phenolics was increased by 11.2 %-23.9 %. These findings indicate cell wall modification under postharvest ripening process induces phenolic release and improves plum phenolic bioavailability.

01 Jul 2025·Journal of Hazardous Materials

Efficient inactivation of antibiotic resistant bacteria by iron-modified biochar and persulfate system: Potential for controlling antimicrobial resistance spread and mechanism insights

Article

Author: Ma, Shuanglong ; Wu, Xujin ; Du, Jinge ; Li, Guangxin ; Fu, Haichao ; Zhao, Peng ; Xu, Shengjun ; Duan, Ran ; Ma, Yanbing

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health threat, further intensified by the widespread dissemination of plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which poses a significant challenge to the "One Health" concept. Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (PS-AOPs) have emerged as effective disinfection methods, capable of degrading antibiotics, inactivating bacteria, and eliminating ARGs, whereas their efficacy towards blocking ARGs horizontal transfer remains elusive. This work constructed a series of Fe-modified soybean straw biochar (FeSSB) as persulfate (PS) activators through Fe-modification and temperature regulation. Among the tested systems, FeSSB800/PS achieved complete inactivation of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) with a 7.04-log reduction within 60 min, outperforming others. FeSSB800, featuring the highest exposed-Fe(II) sites, most CO groups, and lowest charge transfer resistance, obtaining optimal PS activation and reactive species generation, which caused irreversible damage to ARB cells and significantly inhibited the transformation and conjugation efficiency of plasmid RP4. The inhibition mechanism is driven by the aggressive action of free radicals, which injure cell envelopes, induce oxidative stress, disrupt ATP synthesis, and alter intercellular adhesion. These findings underscore the potential of PS-AOPs as a promising strategy to mitigate AMR by simultaneously inactivating ARB and impeding ARGs dissemination.

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