Author: Chakrovorty, Arnob ; Tarafdar, Debojyoti ; Samadder, Asmita ; Bhattacharjee, Banani ; Saha, Saikat ; Podder, Sandipa ; Hossen Molla, Sabir ; Nandi, Sisir

Background:Bacteria resist drugs by employing new resistance mechanisms, leading to prolonged infection and complexity in therapeutic prognosis that concordantly decreases drug efficacy. In recent years, nanotechnology has gained immense popularity for the development of drug delivery systems to combat the global pharmaceutical crisis of multi-drug resistance.Objective:The present work aimed to focus on the green chemistry-based synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the phytocompound chlorophyllin to form chlorophyllin precipitated silver nanoparticles (NCHL) and elucidate their application against two pathologically significant bacterial species Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Methods:After optimization of experimental parameters, the physico-chemical properties of the synthesized NCHL were determined using AFM, DLS, XRD, UV-Vis, SPR, and FTIR, respectively. The interaction of NCHL with ct-DNA was assessed using CD spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized NCHL against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was examined by a disc diffusion susceptibility test.Results:The NCHL was ascertained to be ~53.57 nm in size, having a spherical shape, smooth topology, negative zeta potential of -23.94 mV, and PDI value of 0.495. A sharp peak for silver as SPR and an XRD peak depicted the best fit metallic crystal synchronization. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of a similar functional group in NCHL and chlorophyllin (CHL). CD spectroscopy with ct-DNA in the presence of NCHL showed a change in spectral shift of the ct-DNA, indicating strong ct-DNA-NCHL interaction. NCHL successfully inhibited the growth of both bacterial strains, indicating broad spectrum activity of the synthesized nanoparticles.Conclusion:The promising results indicated that NCHL could be utilized as a potential therapeutic molecule against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus infections and help in combating bacterial drug resistance, which is of high medical priority.

01 Nov 2024·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences

Chronic Exposure to Heavy Metals Results in Significant Changes in Expression of Stress Proteins

Author: De Chaudhuri, Sujata ; Mukhopadhyay, Dyutiman

Chronic exposure to heavy metals, such as arsenic, cadmium and lead, causes serious health issues and reproductive impairment.Therefore, the heavy metal exposure and its resultant stress may change the expression of some genes.Thus, this work aims to find the differential expression pattern of stress proteins such as heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and metallothioneins (MT1 and MT2) in testes and liver tissue of juvenile and adult rats after chronic treatment of these heavy metals.In general, testicular tissue was selected to review the reproductive health, and liver was selected as the tissue for drug and metal detoxification.Triplicate sets of male Wistar rats both juvenile (15 days old) and adult (2 mo old) were taken as treated study subjects.They were supplied drinking water having heavy metal salts of dose 100 times higher than maximum contamination limit, as sole water source, for 3 mo.Similarly, triplicate sets of age-matched controls were supplied heavy metal-free distilled water for same duration.After treatment period, semi-quant. RT-PCR was done to study the expression level of above-mentioned stress proteins in testes and liver in all subjects.Results showed that there was a consistent and significant increase in expression of MT1 compared to controls (p < 0.05), especially in liver tissue after chronic exposure to heavy metals.Overall, this work corroborates that chronic exposure of heavy metal at early age can cause a serious health impact on later stage of life.

01 Aug 2024·Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry

Anticancer, antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities of a new pyrazole containing thiosemicarbazone ligand and its Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes: Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and X-ray crystallography

Article

Author: Mandal, Suman ; Saha, Manan ; Sarkar, Solanki ; Cordes, David B ; Saha, Nitis Chandra ; Biswas, Arunima ; Ghati, Amit ; Slawin, Alexandra M Z

A new pyrazole based thiosemicarbazone ligand, 5-methyl-3-formylpyrazole-N(4)-isopropylthiosemicarbazone, (HMP_zNHPrⁱ) (compound I), and its cobalt(III) and nickel(II) complexes, [Co(MP_zNHPrⁱ)₂]Cl (compound II) and [Ni(HMP_zNHPrⁱ)₂]Br₂ (compound III), respectively, have been synthesized and characterized through various physico-chemical and spectroscopic studies. Both the reported Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes are cationic in nature and behave as 1:1 and 1:2 electrolytes in MeOH, respectively. Electronic spectral features of the complexes have classified them as distorted octahedral ones. IR spectral data (4000-450 cm^-1) have suggested a monoprotic tridentate (NNS) function of compound I coordinating to the Co(III) ion via the pyrazolyl (tertiary) ring nitrogen, azomethine nitrogen and thiolato sulphur atom; while for compound III, compound I has been found to act as neutral NNS tridentate one, coordinating to Ni(II) via the pyrazolyl iminic nitrogen, azomethine nitrogen and thioketo sulphur. Structural features of all the compounds are confirmed by the single crystal X-ray data. All the compounds reported here have been found to exhibit significant photocatalytic activity towards degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) under UV radiation. Anticancer activity of all the three compounds against cancer cell lines (HeLa and A549) and a normal cell line (HEK293) have been investigated. Compound II has been found to be more efficient against the human cervical cancer cell (HeLa) and the lung cancer cell (A549) than compounds I and III. The ligand and both the complexes display potential activities against both gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis MTCC 7193) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli MTCC 1610).

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