STK36

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

FU, Fused homolog, fused homolog (Drosophila)

+ [5]

Introduction

Serine/threonine protein kinase which plays an important role in the sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway by regulating the activity of GLI transcription factors (PubMed:10806483). Controls the activity of the transcriptional regulators GLI1, GLI2 and GLI3 by opposing the effect of SUFU and promoting their nuclear localization (PubMed:10806483). GLI2 requires an additional function of STK36 to become transcriptionally active, but the enzyme does not need to possess an active kinase catalytic site for this to occur (PubMed:10806483). Required for postnatal development, possibly by regulating the homeostasis of cerebral spinal fluid or ciliary function. Essential for construction of the central pair apparatus of motile cilia.

100 Clinical Results associated with STK36

100 Translational Medicine associated with STK36

0 Patents (Medical) associated with STK36

191

Literatures (Medical) associated with STK36

10 Jan 2025·Science Advances

Morphogen-induced kinase condensates transduce Hh signal by allosterically activating Gli

Article

Author: Wang, Bing ; Zhou, Mengmeng ; Jiang, Jin ; Han, Yuhong

Hedgehog (Hh) morphogen governs embryonic development and tissue homeostasis through the Ci/Gli family transcription factors. Here we report that Hh induces phase separation of the fused (Fu)/Ulk family kinases to allosterically regulate Ci/Gli. We find that Hh-induced phosphorylation of Fu/Ulk3 promotes SUMOylation of their inverted phosphorylation-dependent SUMOylation motifs. Subsequent interaction between SUMO and SUMO-interacting motif drives Fu/Ulk3 self-assembly to form biomolecular condensates that recruit Ci-Sufu and Gli-Sufu in the cytoplasm and primary cilium, respectively. Within the condensates, Fu/Ulk3 undergoes a conformational change to expose Ci/Gli for Fu/Ulk3-mediated phosphorylation and activation, leading to gradual accumulation of nuclear Ci A /Gli A transcriptional complexes in proportion to ligand dose and exposure time. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into the spatiotemporal control of Hh signal transduction, reveal previously unexplored regulatory mechanism and function for biomolecular condensation, and establish a paradigm for kinase-mediated signal transduction whereby a kinase allosterically activates its substrate through ligand-induced and condensation-driven conformational change.

01 Mar 2024·Journal of cell science

Global and local functions of the Fused kinase ortholog CdaH in intracellular patterning in Tetrahymena.

Article

Author: Lechtreck, Karl F ; Jiang, Yu-Yang ; Gaertig, Jacek ; Maier, Wolfgang ; Nakano, Kentaro ; Lee, Chinkyu

Ciliates assemble numerous microtubular structures into complex cortical patterns. During ciliate division, the pattern is duplicated by intracellular segmentation that produces a tandem of daughter cells. In Tetrahymena thermophila, the induction and positioning of the division boundary involves two mutually antagonistic factors: posterior CdaA (cyclin E) and anterior CdaI (Hippo kinase). Here, we characterized the related cdaH-1 allele, which confers a pleiotropic patterning phenotype including an absence of the division boundary and an anterior-posterior mispositioning of the new oral apparatus. CdaH is a Fused or Stk36 kinase ortholog that localizes to multiple sites that correlate with the effects of its loss, including the division boundary and the new oral apparatus. CdaH acts downstream of CdaA to induce the division boundary and drives asymmetric cytokinesis at the tip of the posterior daughter. CdaH both maintains the anterior-posterior position of the new oral apparatus and interacts with CdaI to pattern ciliary rows within the oral apparatus. Thus, CdaH acts at multiple scales, from induction and positioning of structures on the cell-wide polarity axis to local organelle-level patterning.

01 Nov 2023·Journal of Cellular Biochemistry

The role of p62 in cell death and survival of 5‐fluorouracil and oxaliplatin‐resistant colorectal cancer cells

Article

Author: Zitkute, Vilmante ; Eidenaite, Eigile ; Aleksandraviciute, Bernadeta ; Kukcinaviciute, Egle ; Sasnauskiene, Ausra ; Vaitiekaite, Guoda ; Sudeikis, Lukas ; Jonusiene, Violeta ; Jasinevicius, Andrius

AbstractThe protein sequestosome 1 (p62/SQSTM1) is primarily known as a selective autophagy cargo receptor, but due to its multidomain structure, it also has roles in the ubiquitin‐proteasome system, metabolism, cell death and survival signalling. The increase in p62 levels is detected in some types of cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Chemoresistance is the main cause of high mortality rates of CRC patients. Since p62 can regulate both cell survival and death, it is a potential modulator of chemoresistance. The impact of p62 on molecular causes of chemoresistance in CRC cells is insufficiently analysed. Therefore, we aimed to determine the impact of p62 on apoptosis, RIPK1‐pRIPK3 axis, and IL‐8 levels in chemoresistant CRC cells. Our data revealed that p62 levels are higher in the 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐resistant HCT116/FU subline compared to the parental cell line. 5‐FU and oxaliplatin (OxaPt) treatment decreased p62 protein levels and it correlated with chemoresistance of HCT116 and DLD1 cell lines. The silencing of p62 increased CRC cell sensitivity to 5‐FU and OxaPt, hence p62 is one of the factors supporting chemoresistance. The downregulation of p62 reduced the activation of caspase‐3 and the levels of RIPK1 and pRIPK3. Furthermore, p62 silencing decreased the BAX/BCL2 ratio in the HCT116/FU subline and did not change the levels of apoptosis. Instead, p62 silencing reduced the amount of IL‐8 protein. Our results show that p62 impacts chemoresistance by stimulating prosurvival signalling.

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STK36

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