5-HT2 receptor x DAT x NET x SERT

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of treating participants with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) who have failed at least 2 (and no more than 6) prior antidepressant (AD) treatments in the current moderate to severe depressive episode with flexibly-dosed esketamine nasal spray plus a newly initiated oral standard-of-care AD compared with placebo nasal spray plus a newly-initiated standard-of-care oral AD, in achieving remission and staying relapse-free after remission.

Over half of women in the US who are breastfeeding their infants take prescription drugs. You are being asked to participate in this study because you are breastfeeding your infant and are currently taking, as part of your medical care, at least one of the drugs we are studying. We are interested in studying drugs commonly prescribed to women who are breastfeeding so we can learn more about the amount of drug that is transferred to breastmilk and estimate how much of drug that is consumed by breastfed infants.

The objective of this retrospective observational study is to compare commonly prescribed bipolar disorder medications for their impact on: (1) hospitalization; (2) suicide attempts and self-harm; and (3) risk of drug-induced adverse effects such as kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. In addition, the investigators will examine heterogeneity of treatment effect by co-morbidity within pediatric, adult, and elderly sub-populations. Patient focus groups are convened to elicit additional questions and provide feedback on results.