Last update 01 Nov 2024

TRHR autoantibody

Last update 01 Nov 2024

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100 Clinical Results associated with TRHR autoantibody

100 Translational Medicine associated with TRHR autoantibody

0 Patents (Medical) associated with TRHR autoantibody

Literatures (Medical) associated with TRHR autoantibody

01 Mar 2020·Poultry ScienceQ2 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

Characterization of a novel thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor, TRHR3, in chickens

Q2 · AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY SCIENCE

ArticleOA

Author: Wang, Yajun ; Deng, Yue ; Li, Juan ; Zhang, Jiannan ; Li, Zhengyang ; Li, Xiaoxiao

The physiological roles of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) are proposed to be mediated by TRH receptors (TRHR), which have been divided into 3 subtypes, namely, TRHR1, TRHR2, and TRHR3, in vertebrates. Although 2 TRH receptors (TRHR1 and TRHR3) have been predicted to exist in birds, it remains unclear whether TRHR3 is a functional TRH receptor similar to TRHR1. Here, we reported the functionality and tissue expression of TRHR3 in chickens. The cloned chicken TRHR3 (cTRHR3) encodes a receptor of 387 amino acids, which shares high-amino-acid identities (63-80%) to TRHR3 of parrots, lizards, Xenopus tropicalis, and tilapia and comparatively lower sequence identities to chicken TRHR1 or mouse TRHR2. Using cell-based luciferase reporter assays and Western blot, we demonstrated that similar to chicken TRHR1 (cTRHR1), cTRHR3 expressed in HEK 293 cells can be potently activated by TRH and that its activation stimulates multiple signaling pathways, indicating both TRH receptors are functional. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that cTRHR1 and cTRHR3 are widely, but differentially, expressed in chicken tissues, and their expression is likely controlled by promoters located upstream of exon 1, which display strong promoter activities in cultured DF-1 cells. cTRHR1 is highly expressed in the anterior pituitary and testes, while cTRHR3 is highly expressed in the muscle, testes, fat, pituitary, spinal cord, and many brain regions (including hypothalamus). These findings indicate that TRH actions are likely mediated by 2 TRH receptors in chickens. In conclusion, our data provide the first piece of evidence that both cTRHR3 and cTRHR1 are functional TRH receptors, which helps to elucidate the physiological roles of TRH in birds.

01 Jul 2003·Journal of Cellular and Molecular MedicineQ2 · MEDICINE

Somatotroph to thyrotroph cell transdifferentiation during experimental hypothyroidism ‐ a light and electron‐microscopy study

Q2 · MEDICINE

ArticleOA

Author: S. Radian ; M. Coculescu ; J. F. Morris

AbstractSomatotroph and thyrotroph pituitary cells share a common precursor cell expressing the transcription factor Pitl in ontogeny. Cells expressing both thyrotropin (TSH) and growth‐hormone (GH) are found in adult rat pituitary and in human pituitary adenomas in acromegaly, and these tumors contain both thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH) and the TRH receptors (TRHR). It has been shown that stimulation of TSH expression in primary hypothyroidism promotes changes suggestive of somatotroph to thyrotroph cell transdifferentiation. We tested this hypothesis and the role of TRH in experimental primary hypothyroidism in rats. Adult female Long‐Evans rats, 6 months old, were administered the antithyroid drug methimazole (0,1% w/v) in the drinking water for 42 days. Animals were sacrificed by perfusion fixation under anaesthesia at weekly intervals and pituitary tissue processed in acrylic resin for immunofluorescence and immuno‐electronmicroscopy for TSH, GH and TRHR. In the hypothyroid rat pituitary immunofluorescent somatotrophs were greatly reduced in number and gradually replaced by thyrotrophs during methimazole administration. Colocalization of GH and TSH in the same cell was noted. Immunoelectronmicroscopy demonstrated the development of enlarged thyrotrophs with dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum containing an electron‐dense material and intracisternal granules, both of which are immunoreactive for TSH (‘thyroidectomy cells’). The somatotrophs showed reduced GH immunoreactivity and also the presence of TSH‐type, small‐size secretory granules. This suggests that, the greatly increased number of TSH‐cells in methimazole‐induced‐hypothyroidism is due, at least partially, to the transdifferentiation of somatotroph into thyrotroph cells. TRHR immunofluorescence was expressed in many somatotrophs in normal rat pituitary and unlike immunoreactive GH, its expression was enhanced during hypothyroidism. The number of TRHR‐immunoreactive cells increased in parallel with the number of TSH‐immunoreactive cells. This indicates a role for TRH stimulation in the transdifferentiation process. Taken together, these data suggest that, in addition to the cell mutation mechanism involving an early totipotential progenitor cell, transdifferentiation of existing somatotroph cells also plays a part in the pathogenesis of multihormonal GH‐secreting adenomas.

01 Feb 2000·Life SciencesQ3 · MEDICINE

Expression of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) receptor subtype 1 in mouse pancreatic islets and HIT-T15, an insulin-secreting clonal β cell line

Q3 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Masatomo Mori ; Atsushi Ozawa ; Nobuyuki Shibusawa ; Masanobu Yamada ; Tsuyoshi Monden ; Teturou Satoh ; Tetsu Hashida

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), originally isolated as a hypothalamic hormone, has been reported to be present and released from the pancreatic beta cells, affecting pancreatic functions. However, it still remains unclear whether TRH receptor is expressed in the pancreas. In the present study, we characterized TRH receptors (TRHR) in mouse pancreatic islets and HIT-T15 cells, a hamster clonal beta cell line. RT-PCR study showed significant expression of TRHR subtype 1 (TRHR1) mRNA in both mouse pancreatic islets and HIT-T15 (HIT) cells. In contrast, there was no expression of TRHR2 mRNA, a novel subtype of TRHR which is expressed predominantly in the central nervous system. Sequencing analysis demonstrated that TRHR1 of the islets was identical to that in the pituitary, and cloned hamster TRHR1 shared 93.3 % homology with that of the mouse at the nucleic acid level. Northern blot analysis of TRHR 1 mRNA in HIT-T15 cells showed a single strong hybridization signal approximately 3.7 kb in length. Furthermore, Scatchard plot analysis in HIT-T15 cells revealed that the Kd value for MeTRH was 0.63 nM. Significant elevation of intracellular calcium concentration was observed in response to as little as 10 nM TRH , and this was not affected by removal of extracellular calcium. This is the first description indicating the presence of functional TRH receptor subtype 1 in the pancreatic beta cells, and our observations suggested the regulation of pancreatic function by TRH through autocrine or paracrine mechanisms.

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