AOX1

Last update 23 Jan 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Aldehyde oxidase, aldehyde oxidase 1, AO

+ [3]

Introduction

Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as N1-methylnicotinamide, N-methylphthalazinium and phthalazine, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde, retinal, pyridoxal, and vanillin. Plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs containing aromatic azaheterocyclic substituents. Participates in the bioactivation of prodrugs such as famciclovir, catalyzing the oxidation step from 6-deoxypenciclovir to penciclovir, which is a potent antiviral agent. Is probably involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species homeostasis. May be a prominent source of superoxide generation via the one-electron reduction of molecular oxygen. May also catalyze nitric oxide (NO) production via the reduction of nitrite to NO with NADH or aldehyde as electron donor. May play a role in adipogenesis.

100 Clinical Results associated with AOX1

100 Translational Medicine associated with AOX1

0 Patents (Medical) associated with AOX1

2,685

Literatures (Medical) associated with AOX1

01 Mar 2025·Metabolic Engineering

Nucleotide distribution analysis of 5′UTRs in genome-scale directs their redesign and expression regulation in yeast

Article

Author: Zhang, Hanqi ; Yao, Chaoying ; Ren, Yanna ; Shao, Qianqian ; Cai, Menghao ; Yin, Yu ; Liu, Qi ; Zhang, Yilun ; Li, Qingyang

Non-conventional yeasts have emerged as important sources of valuable products in bioindustries. However, tools for the control of expression are limited in these hosts. In this study, we aimed to excavate the tools for the regulation of translation that are often overlooked. 5'UTR analysis of genome-scale annotated genes of four yeast species revealed a distinct decreasing 'G' frequency in -100 ∼ -1 region from 5040 5'UTRs in Komagataella phaffii. New 5'UTRs were regenerated by base substitutions in defined regions, and replacement of 'G' by 'A' or 'T' in the -50 ∼ -1 region highly facilitated gene expression. Preference analysis of all nucleotide triplets in 5'UTRs revealed a KZ₃ (-3 ∼ -1) that dominantly affected gene expression. A total of 128 KZ₃ variants were constructed to work with promoters of methanol-inducible P_AOX1 and constitutive P_GAP, of which 58 KZ₃ variants increased gene expression and maximum difference in strength was 15-fold among all variants. Polysome profiling analysis clarified that 5'UTR-KZ₃ enhanced gene expression at translational but not transcriptional levels. Finally, improved production of three industrial proteins and one platform compound were achieved by ready-made 5'UTR-KZ₃ or in situ modification of the 5'UTR. This study provides new references and tools for the fine-tuning of translational regulation in yeast and other fungi.

01 Jan 2025·Poultry Science

Genetic and metabolic factors influencing skin yellowness in yellow-feathered broilers

Article

Author: Deng, Xianqi ; Wu, Jingwen ; Huang, Rongqin ; Luo, Wen

The degree of yellowness of the skin is an important factor affecting the market popularity and sales price of yellow-feathered broilers. Despite its commercial importance, the specific pigments and genetic mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study identified lutein as the primary carotenoid in the skin and established serum lutein concentration as a molecular marker for predicting skin yellowness in carcasses. Through RNA sequencing of broilers with varying yellowness, we identified key genes like CYP26A1, CYP1B1, CYP2C18, CYP2W1, HSD17B2, AOX1, KMO, PLIN1, and RET, which may regulate carotenoid absorption and deposition. Additionally, a single nucleotide polymorphism in the CYP1A1 gene was significantly associated with skin yellowness in Ma-Huang chickens. Overall, this study examined the primary pigment types that influence the skin yellowness of yellow-feathered broilers, emphasizing that lutein can serve as a molecular marker for skin yellowness and providing insights into the regulatory factors that regulate skin yellowness. These findings provide essential theoretical support for the breeding of skin color traits in yellow-feathered broilers.

01 Jan 2025·Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology

Transcriptome analysis reveals methanol metabolism variations for the growth damage caused by overexpression of chimeric transactivators in Pichia pastoris

Article

Author: Cai, Menghao ; Liu, Qi ; He, Ziyu

Methanol is a promising substrate for sustainable biomanufacturing, and Pichia pastoris has become a commonly used yeast for methanol utilization due to its powerful methanol metabolic pathways and methanol inducible promoter. Previous reconstruction of gene circuits highly improved transcriptional activity, but excessive expression of chimeric transactivator damaged cell growth on methanol. Here we employed transcriptome analysis to investigate the effects of chimeric transactivator overexpression on cellular metabolism and regulatory networks. The results showed that strong expression of chimeric transactivator unexpectedly downregulated methanol metabolism, especially the alcohol oxidase 1 (AOX1), but without remarkable changes in expression of transcriptional factors. Meanwhile, the synthesis of peroxisomes also varied with chimeric transactivator expression. In addition, the enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed their impact on cellular metabolism. The gene expression patterns caused by different expression levels of chimeric transactivators have also been clarified. This work provides useful information to understand the transcriptional regulation of the AOX1 promoter and methanol signaling. It revealed the importance of balancing transcription factor expression for the host improvement.

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AOX1

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