SPINK1

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor, PCTT, PSTI

+ [6]

Introduction

Serine protease inhibitor which exhibits anti-trypsin activity (PubMed:7142173). In the pancreas, protects against trypsin-catalyzed premature activation of zymogens (By similarity). In the male reproductive tract, binds to sperm heads where it modulates sperm capacitance by inhibiting calcium uptake and nitrogen oxide (NO) production.

100 Clinical Results associated with SPINK1

100 Translational Medicine associated with SPINK1

0 Patents (Medical) associated with SPINK1

1,238

Literatures (Medical) associated with SPINK1

01 May 2025·Modern Pathology

Diffuse Cyclin D1 and SPINK1 Expression in Gastric Oxyntic Gland Neoplasms: Promising Diagnostic Markers Identified Using Spatial Transcriptome Analysis

Article

Author: Nakayama, Atsuhito ; Nawa, Junichi ; Ushiku, Tetsuo ; Koinuma, Daizo ; Shinozaki-Ushiku, Aya ; Fujishiro, Mitsuhiro

Oxyntic gland neoplasms typically arise in Helicobacter pylori-naive stomachs and are composed predominantly of chief cells, with a smaller component of parietal cells. Their pathologic diagnosis can be challenging owing to minimal cellular atypia. Especially in biopsy specimens with a limited tumor volume or when pathologists have limited experience in diagnosing this neoplasm, distinguishing them from normal oxyntic glands can be difficult, and no reliable diagnostic markers are currently available. In this study, single-cell spatial transcriptome analysis successfully identified significant upregulation of CCND1 and SPINK1 in all 6 analyzed cases of oxyntic gland neoplasms compared with normal oxyntic glands. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed this finding in 21 endoscopically resected cases of oxyntic gland neoplasms, demonstrating that cyclin D1 and serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) were diffusely expressed in oxyntic gland neoplasms, whereas their expression was scarcely observed in normal oxyntic glands, with a few of them showing weak to moderate staining. Even in biopsy specimens, these 2 markers highlighted the tumor areas and clearly distinguished neoplastic from normal oxyntic glands. Nonneoplastic foveolar epithelia and mucous neck cells also showed positive staining for both cyclin D1 and SPINK1. In addition, a mild increase in cyclin D1 expression and patchy or mosaic expression of SPINK1 were observed in fundic gland polyps, H. pylori-associated gastritis, and pyloric gland adenomas, whereas a diffuse staining pattern was specific to oxyntic gland neoplasms. These observations suggest that cyclin D1 and SPINK1 are reliable markers in differentiating oxyntic gland neoplasms from nonneoplastic oxyntic glands and pyloric gland adenomas. Cyclin D1 is commonly used for immunostaining in many pathology departments, and owing to its higher sensitivity and specificity compared with SPINK1, it is considered the best diagnostic marker.

03 Apr 2025·Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

Body Composition at Diagnosis and Early Response in Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma

Article

Author: Shen, Wei ; Castellino, Sharon M. ; Dai, Chen ; Wadhwa, Aman ; Friedman, Debra L. ; Kessel, Sandra ; Bhatia, Smita ; Richman, Joshua S. ; Kelly, Kara M. ; Kahn, Justine M.

AbstractBackground:The association between skeletal, muscle, and adipose tissue (body composition) and early response using PET in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma remains unstudied.Methods:Patients enrolled on Children’s Oncology Group studies AHOD0031 (intermediate-risk Hodgkin lymphoma) and AHOD0831 (high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma) with digital abdominal CT scans at diagnosis and PET scans after 2 cycles (PET2) were included. Two consecutive slices at the third lumbar vertebra were identified, and skeletal muscle index (SMI; in cm2/m2) and total adipose tissue index (TATI; in cm2/m2) were calculated using sliceOmatic and height at diagnosis. SMI and TATI were divided into quintiles [Q1 (lowest) to Q5 (highest)]. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using height and weight at diagnosis. The association between baseline body composition (SMI, TATI, and BMI) and positive PET2 was examined using logistic regression, adjusting for age at diagnosis, sex, race/ethnicity, stage, histology, bulk disease, and “B” symptoms.Results:Among 1,033 included patients, PET2 was positive in 314 (30.4%) patients. SMI was not associated with positive PET2. Extremes of TATI were associated with positive PET2, when compared with the middle TATI quintile [reference: Q3; ORQ1 = 1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–2.60; P = 0.04; ORQ2 = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.17–2.82; P = 0.008; ORQ5 = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.23–3.05; P = 0.005]. The association between BMI in obesity range and positive PET2 trended toward significance (OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 0.98–2.04; P = 0.06; ref = normal weight).Conclusions:Extremes of adipose tissue at diagnosis influence early response among pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma.Impact:Validation of results from this study could inform studies investigating body composition–based chemotherapy dosing.

31 Mar 2025·Clinical Nephrology

Oxalate nephropathy analysis: A case series from a single center

Article

Author: Zhang, Ran ; You, Qingqing ; Guo, Wencong ; Sun, Yan ; Jiang, Weina ; Bian, Luyan ; Du, Huasheng ; Cai, Yan ; Shao, Leping

BACKGROUNDEnteric hyperoxaluria is a common cause of secondary oxalate nephropathy (ON), and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) is one of the causes of enteric hyperoxaluria. Due to atypical clinical symptoms or elusive etiology, the incidence of PEI is often underestimated. For patients with ON, it is crucial to screen for PEI and its etiology.MATERIALS AND METHODSCases with pathological diagnosis of ON and acute kidney injury (AKI) during January 2023 to December 2023 were retrospectively enrolled. The datasets of clinical manifestation, kidney pathology, treatment, and prognosis were collected. Fecal elastase-1 was employed to test pancreatic exocrine function. Genetic testing, bioinformatics analyses, and minigene splicing assay were performed on patients diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis (CP).RESULTSAmong 6 patients diagnosed with ON, 2 patients had increased intake of oxalate/oxalate precursors, 2 patients had increased intestinal oxalate absorption due to PEI, one patient both had increased intake and absorption, with one case being of unknown etiology. . Among the 3 patients with PEI, 2 were diagnosed with CP and genetic testing further discovered mutations in SPINK1 or PRSS1 . Renal function was completely recovered in 2 patients, progressed to end-stage kidney disease in 1, and the remaining patients showed varying degrees of kidney function recovery.CONCLUSIONA kidney biopsy can help physicians determine the cause of AKI. Once diagnosed with secondary ON, screening for PEI is recommended, especially when considering enteric hyperoxaluria as the cause. The etiology of PEI should be investigated. Genetic testing is advised for CP patients without clear etiology or recurrent acute pancreatitis.

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