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Last update 08 May 2025

PEA15

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

15 kDa phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes, Astrocytic phosphoprotein PEA-15, HMAT1

+ [10]

Introduction

Blocks Ras-mediated inhibition of integrin activation and modulates the ERK MAP kinase cascade. Inhibits RPS6KA3 activities by retaining it in the cytoplasm (By similarity). Inhibits both TNFRSF6- and TNFRSF1A-mediated CASP8 activity and apoptosis. Regulates glucose transport by controlling both the content of SLC2A1 glucose transporters on the plasma membrane and the insulin-dependent trafficking of SLC2A4 from the cell interior to the surface.

Drugs associated with PEA15

HG-1122

Target

PEA15 x SAMDC

Mechanism

PEA15 gene modulators [+1]

Active Org.-

Originator Org.

Human Genome Sciences, Inc.

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Diabetes Mellitus [+1]

Drug Highest PhasePending

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with PEA15

100 Translational Medicine associated with PEA15

0 Patents (Medical) associated with PEA15

670

Literatures (Medical) associated with PEA15

01 Apr 2025·BMJ Open Ophthalmology

Detection of diabetic macular oedema patterns with fine-grained image categorisation on optical coherence tomography

Article

Author: Wang, Yaqi ; Ye, Xin ; Chen, Qian ; Qiu, Wangli ; Xie, Wenbin ; Tu, Linzhen ; Shen, Li-Jun ; Lin, Xiangrui ; Shen, Yingjiao

PurposeTo develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system for detecting pathological patterns of diabetic macular oedema (DME) with fine-grained image categorisation using optical coherence tomography (OCT) images.MethodsThe development of the AI system consists of two parts, a pretraining process on a public dataset (Asia Pacific Tele-Ophthalmology Society (APTOS)), and the training process on the local dataset. The local dataset was partitioned into the training set, validation set and test set in the ratio of 6:2:2. The Split Subspace Attention Network (SSA-Net) architecture was adopted to train independent models to detect the seven pathological patterns of DME: intraretinal fluid (IRF), subretinal fluid (SRF), pigment epithelial detachment (PED), hyper-reflective retinal foci (HRF), Müller cell cone disruption (MCCD), subretinal hyper-reflective material (SHRM) and intra-cystic hyper-reflective material (ICHRM). The confusion matrix, sensitivity, specificity and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were used to evaluate the performance of the models.ResultsThe APTOS public dataset consists of 33 853 OCT images and the local dataset consists of 1346 OCT images with DME. In the pretraining process on the public dataset, the accuracy was 0.652 for IRF, 0.928 for SRF, 0.936 for PED and 0.975 for HRF. After the training process on the local dataset, the SSA-Net architecture showed better performance in fine-grained image categorisation on the test set. The area under the ROC curve was 0.980 for IRF, 0.995 for SRF, 0.999 for PED, 0.908 for MCCD, 0.887 for HRF, 0.990 for SHRM and 0.972 for ICHRM. The AI system outputs a heatmap for each result, which can give a visual explanation for the automated identification process. The heatmaps revealed that the regions of interest of the AI system were consistent with the retinal experts.ConclusionsThe proposed SSA-Net architecture for detecting the pathological patterns of DME achieved satisfactory accuracy. However, this study was conducted in one medical centre, and multicentre trials will be needed in the future.

01 Mar 2025·Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery

Midterm outcomes and costs of Pipeline embolization device alone versus Atlas stent-assisted coiling for unruptured anterior circulation aneurysms: a propensity score matched comparative analysis

Article

Author: Lv, Ming ; Zhang, Ying ; Dong, Linggen ; Xu, Huaying ; Wu, Xinzhi ; Wang, Chao ; Wu, Xuefang

BackgroundEndovascular treatment has achieved great progress over the past few decades, providing multiple options for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). In the present era of flow diverters (FDs), the optimum endovascular management for unruptured IAs amenable to both stent-assisted coiling (SAC) and FDs remains to be determined. Therefore, our study aimed to compare the midterm outcomes and costs of Pipeline embolization device (PED) alone versus Atlas SAC for the treatment of unruptured saccular anterior circulation aneurysms.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study in which we studied consecutive unruptured anterior circulation aneurysms treated with PED alone or Atlas SAC at our institution. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to control for potential differences.ResultsA total of 731 patients with 739 aneurysms were included: 299 patients with 302 aneurysms received PED treatment and 432 patients with 437 aneurysms received Atlas SAC treatment. The two groups differed at baseline. After PSM, two comparable groups of 192 aneurysms each were obtained. The PED alone group had shorter procedure times (97.65±33.53 vs. 125.17±30.71 min, P<0.001), and higher total hospital costs ($31,322.84±3,567.04 vs. $27,595.79±6,825.05, P<0.001) than the Atlas SAC group. The use of Atlas SAC reduced hospital costs by 13.5% compared to PED alone. At follow-up, the PED alone group was more prone to develop in-stent stenosis (ISS) compared to the Atlas SAC group (4.2% vs. 0.5%, P=0.043). The retreatment rate was higher in the Atlas group than in the PED group (4.7% vs. 0%, P=0.007). However, the complete aneurysm occlusion rates, favorable neurological and follow-up costs were similar in both groups.ConclusionsThis study showed similar midterm outcome with PED alone and Atlas SAC for the treatment of unruptured anterior circulation aneurysms. Atlas SAC required a longer procedure time, and PED alone increased hospital costs. However, patients who underwent PED treatment were more likely to develop ISS during follow-up. In addition, the retreatment rate was higher in the Atlas group than in the PED group.

01 Mar 2025·Operative Neurosurgery

Hemifacial Spasm Associated With the Specific Offending Vein

Article

Author: Li, Mingwu ; Jiang, Xiaofeng ; Wu, Min ; Cao, Chenglong

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Hemifacial spasm (HFS) caused by venous compression is a rare occurrence. Currently, there is no relevant research on the venous characteristics and potential pathogenic mechanisms causing venous HFS. Exploring the venous characteristics in venous-type HFS may reduce the likelihood of repeated surgery.METHODS:The authors presented 4 cases of HFS caused by veins of middle cerebellar peduncle (V. of Mid.Cer.Ped) successfully treated with microvascular decompression.RESULTS:Based on intraoperative observations and abnormal muscle response (AMR) monitoring, it was determined that V. of Mid.Cer.Ped were offending vessels in these patients. Moreover, veins crossed between the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves, and then surrounded the ventral aspect of the facial nerve root. Microvascular decompression for the offending vessel was successfully performed, and AMR disappeared for each patient. These patients were discharged without any complications and involuntary contractions or twitching of facial muscles.CONCLUSION:The study demonstrated that veins can indeed induce HFS. The characteristic of the V. of Mid.Cer.Ped that leads to HFS is that these veins traverse between the facial nerve and the vestibulocochlear nerve, and then surround the ventral aspect of the facial nerve root. The dynamic influence of cerebrospinal fluid leads to pulsatile impingement of the facial nerve on the vein, resulting in facial nerve bending and deformation at the location of the vein. Significantly, in the context of surgery, if it is noticed that the V. of Mid.Cer.Ped surrounds the ventral aspect of the facial nerve root and the facial nerve is compressed and deformed, when AMR disappears after decompression of the artery, it may be necessary to perform vein decompression.

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PEA15

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