TAAR8

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

G-protein coupled receptor 102, GPR102, TA5

+ [9]

Introduction

Olfactory receptor specific for trace amines (By similarity). Trace amine compounds are enriched in animal body fluids and act on trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) to elicit both intraspecific and interspecific innate behaviors (By similarity). Ligand-binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via G alpha proteins, possibly G(i)/G(o) G alpha proteins (PubMed:25391046).

100 Clinical Results associated with TAAR8

100 Translational Medicine associated with TAAR8

0 Patents (Medical) associated with TAAR8

Literatures (Medical) associated with TAAR8

05 Aug 2024·Genome Biology and Evolution

Genetic Signatures of Positive Selection in Human Populations Adapted to High Altitude in Papua New Guinea

Article

Author: Pomat, William ; Barberena-Jonas, Carmina ; Laman, Moses ; Ioannidis, Alexander G ; Moreno-Estrada, Andrés ; Vieyra-Sánchez, Sofía ; Cervantes-Hernández, Mayté C ; Phipps, Maude E ; Mentzer, Alexander J ; Quinto-Cortés, Consuelo D ; Allen, Angela ; Huerta-Sanchez, Emilia ; Auckland, Kathryn ; Oppenheimer, Stephen J ; González-Buenfil, Ram ; Allen, Stephen

AbstractPapua New Guinea (PNG) hosts distinct environments mainly represented by the ecoregions of the Highlands and Lowlands that display increased altitude and a predominance of pathogens, respectively. Since its initial peopling approximately 50,000 years ago, inhabitants of these ecoregions might have differentially adapted to the environmental pressures exerted by each of them. However, the genetic basis of adaptation in populations from these areas remains understudied. Here, we investigated signals of positive selection in 62 highlanders and 43 lowlanders across 14 locations in the main island of PNG using whole-genome genotype data from the Oceanian Genome Variation Project (OGVP) and searched for signals of positive selection through population differentiation and haplotype-based selection scans. Additionally, we performed archaic ancestry estimation to detect selection signals in highlanders within introgressed regions of the genome. Among highland populations we identified candidate genes representing known biomarkers for mountain sickness (SAA4, SAA1, PRDX1, LDHA) as well as candidate genes of the Notch signaling pathway (PSEN1, NUMB, RBPJ, MAML3), a novel proposed pathway for high altitude adaptation in multiple organisms. We also identified candidate genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenesis, processes inducible by hypoxia, as well as in components of the eye lens and the immune response. In contrast, candidate genes in the lowlands are mainly related to the immune response (HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQA2, TAAR6, TAAR9, TAAR8, RNASE4, RNASE6, ANG). Moreover, we find two candidate regions to be also enriched with archaic introgressed segments, suggesting that archaic admixture has played a role in the local adaptation of PNG populations.

19 Dec 2023·Accounts of Chemical Research

Decaniobate: The Fruit Fly of Niobium Polyoxometalate Chemistry

Article

Author: Colliard, Ian ; Nyman, May ; Rahman, Tasnim

ConspectusPolyoxometalates (POMs, metals = V^4/5+, Nb⁵⁺, Ta⁵⁺, Mo^5/6+, and W^5/6+) can be described as molecular metal oxides. The V, Mo, and W-POMs (classic POMs) exhibit rich structural diversity with interesting redox properties, acid catalysis, inorganic ligands, and colorimetric properties and behavior. Nb and Ta POMs, while structurally similar, are generally stable only in base and redox behavior is rare, and they are synthetically far less accessible. The V, Mo, and W-POMs have been studied for well over a century, Nb-POM chemistry has emerged in the last 20 years, and Ta-POM chemistry is yet to see consistent and significant advances. Early and current success in Nb-POM chemistry is owed mainly to hydrothermal synthesis, which is wholly unsatisfying, given the black box nature of this technique.For the last 5 years and as summarized in this Account, we have exploited decaniobate, [Nb₁₀O₂₈]^6- (Nb₁₀), as a foundation to perform room-temperature, nearly pH-neutral manipulations of Nb-POM solutions. Nb₁₀, with a rare neutral self-buffering pH, responds to any interactions with electrolytes (specifically oxoanions and metal cations) by undergoing transformations, leading to new topologies. The ease of Nb₁₀ transformation yielding new generations of Nb-POMs, akin to an inorganic analogue of biological model organisms such as the fruit fly, inspired the title of this Account. The common building unit born from the disassembly of Nb₁₀ is [Nb₇O₂₀(OH, H₂O)₂]^(5-7)-, and the hydroxyl/aqua ligands provide reactivity for linking via condensation reactions, ligand exchange, heterometals, or oxoanions. We can coax these newly assembled Nb-POMs (detected by small-angle X-ray scattering, SAXS) to crystallize via the usual methods of vapor diffusion, salting out, and reduced temperature, and the single-crystal X-ray diffraction structures are valuable for understanding reaction mechanisms to fine-tune control and yield a landscape of topologies and compositions. Beyond providing an opportunity to comprehend and diversify POM chemistry, the reactivity of Nb₁₀ yields highly soluble (i.e., >2 M Nb), nearly neutral aqueous solutions of niobium, ideal for the solution-phase deposition of thin films, demonstrated with LiNbO₃, (Na,K)NbO₃, Nb₂O₅, and heterometal-doped Nb₂O₅. The obtained films are cohesive and smooth, enabled by the tendency of these solutions to gel if simply evaporated quickly.Per our current endeavors, this gelation behavior provides an opportunity to develop new soft, flexible materials including inorganic networks, organic-inorganic networks, and porous solids and explore their material properties including base catalysis and sorption (i.e., CO₂). Nb-POM (and Ta-POM) discovery and implementation of properties is far from complete. While heterometal (d and f element) substitution is easy with classic POMs, imparting a whole host of functions (tuned luminescence, catalysis, electroactivity, etc.), it remains a challenge with Nb-POMs due to pH incompatibility with most heterometals. This grand challenge that defies fundamental aqueous behavior of metal cations requires the creation of liquid mixtures that include polymer and/or ionic liquid components, and the creation of such reaction media can impact synthesis beyond POM chemistry. The goal of this Account is to describe the recent advances in Nb-POM chemistry, afforded by the Nb₁₀ "fruit fly", and to also provide insight into the next large steps needed to advance Nb-POM chemistry.

18 Oct 2023·International journal of molecular sciences

Expression Pattern of Trace Amine-Associated Receptors during Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Dopaminergic Neurons.

Article

Author: Katolikova, Nataliia V ; Vaganova, Anastasia N ; Gainetdinov, Raul R ; Efimova, Evgeniya V ; Malashicheva, Anna B ; Shafranskaya, Daria D

Trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), which were discovered only in 2001, are known to be involved in the regulation of a spectrum of neuronal processes and may play a role in the pathogenesis of a number of neuropsychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia and others. We have previously shown that TAARs also have interconnections with the regulation of neurogenesis and, in particular, with the neurogenesis of dopamine neurons, but the exact mechanisms of this are still unknown. In our work we analyzed the expression of TAARs (TAAR1, TAAR2, TAAR5, TAAR6, TAAR8 and TAAR9) in cells from the human substantia nigra and ventral tegmental areas and in human pluripotent stem cells at consecutive stages of their differentiation to dopaminergic neurons, using RNA sequencing data from open databases, and TaqMan PCR data from the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro. Detectable levels of TAARs expression were found in cells at the pluripotent stages, and the dynamic of their expression had a trend of increasing with the differentiation and maturation of dopamine neurons. The expression of several TAAR types (particularly TAAR5) was also found in human dopaminergic neuron-enriched zones in the midbrain. This is the first evidence of TAARs expression during neuronal differentiation, which can help to approach an understanding of the role of TAARs in neurogenesis.

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TAAR8

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