CYP2R1

Last update 23 Jan 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

CYP2R1, Cytochrome P450 2R1, cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily R member 1

+ [2]

Introduction

A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in activation of vitamin D precursors. Catalyzes hydroxylation at C-25 of both forms of vitamin D, vitamin D(2) and D(3) (calciol) (PubMed:12867411, PubMed:15465040, PubMed:18511070). Can metabolize vitamin D analogs/prodrugs 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D(2) (doxercalciferol) and 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (alfacalcidol) forming 25-hydroxy derivatives (PubMed:15465040, PubMed:18511070). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:12867411, PubMed:15465040, PubMed:18511070).

100 Clinical Results associated with CYP2R1

100 Translational Medicine associated with CYP2R1

0 Patents (Medical) associated with CYP2R1

655

Literatures (Medical) associated with CYP2R1

02 Jan 2025·Nutritional Neuroscience

The symptomatology of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and the genetic control of vitamin D levels

Article

Author: Bau, Claiton Henrique Dotto ; Dresch, Fabiane ; Rovaris, Diego Luiz ; Shansis, Flávio Milman ; Grevet, Eugenio Horacio ; da Silva, Caroline ; Genro, Júlia Pasqualini ; Bandeira, Cibele Edom ; das Neves, Fernando Godoy Pereira ; Contini, Verônica ; da Silva, Bruna Santos ; Dias-Soares, Monique

OBJECTIVESVitamin D deficiency has been associated with psychiatric disorders and behavioral phenotypes such as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Considering that vitamin D levels are polygenic, we aim to evaluate the overall effects of its genetic architecture on symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity and on the serum levels of vitamin D in two independent samples of adults, as well as the specific effects of five relevant polymorphisms in vitamin D-related genes.METHODSWe evaluated 870 subjects from an ADHD sample (407 cases and 463 controls) and 319 subjects from an academic community (nutrigenetic sample). Vitamin D serum levels were obtained through Elisa test and genetic data by TaqMan™ allelic discrimination and Infinium PsychArray-24 BeadChip genotyping. Polygenic Scores (PGS) were calculated on PRSice2 based on the latest GWAS for Vitamin D and statistical analyses were conducted at Plink and SPSS software.RESULTSVitamin D PGSs were associated with inattention in the ADHD sample and with hyperactivity when inattention symptoms were included as covariates. In the nutrigenetic sample, CYP2R1 rs10741657 and DHCR7 rs12785878 were nominally associated with impulsivity and hyperactivity, respectively, and both with vitamin D levels. In the clinical sample, RXRG rs2134095 was associated with impulsivity.DISCUSSIONOur findings suggest a shared genetic architecture between vitamin D levels and ADHD symptoms, as evidenced by the associations observed with PGS and specific genes related to vitamin D levels. Interestingly, differential effects for vitamin D PGS were found in inattention and hyperactivity, which should be considered in further studies involving ADHD.

01 Dec 2024·Molecular Biology Reports

Gene expression profiling of vitamin D metabolism enzymes in leukemia and lymphoma patients: molecular aspect interplay of VDR, CYP2R1, and CYP24A1

Article

Author: Iriani, Anggraini ; Nugraha, Media Fitri Isma ; Fatina, Marsya Kaila ; Gemilang, Rizka Kurnia ; Trisnandi, Andi ; Rachman, Andhika

BACKGROUNDVitamin D deficiency is prevalent among the Indonesian population, particularly in individuals diagnosed with leukemia-lymphoma. The regulation of vitamin D metabolism is influenced by the expression of several enzymes, such as CYP2R1, CYP24A1, and the vitamin D receptor (VDR). This study aimed to scrutinize the gene expression profiles in both mRNA and protein levels of VDR, CYP2R1, and CYP24A1 in leukemia and lymphoma patients.METHODThe research was a cross-sectional study conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) in Jakarta, Indonesia. The study included a total of 45 patients aged over 18 years old who have received a diagnosis of lymphoma or leukemia. Vitamin D status was measured by examining serum 25 (OH) D levels. The analysis of VDR, CYP2R1, and CYP24A1 mRNA expression utilized the qRT-PCR method, while protein levels were measured through the ELISA method.CONCLUSIONThe study revealed a noteworthy difference in VDR protein levels between men and women. The highest mean CYP24A1 protein levels were observed in the age group > 60 years. This study found a significant, moderately positive correlation between VDR protein levels and CYP24A1 protein levels in the male and vitamin D sufficiency groups. In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between VDR mRNA levels and CYP2R1 mRNA levels, VDR mRNA levels and CYP2R1 mRNA levels, and CYP2R1 mRNA levels and CYP24A1 mRNA levels. However, the expression of these genes does not correlate with the protein levels of its mRNA translation products in blood circulation.

01 Dec 2024·Journal of Dairy Science

Efficacy of l-cysteine in increasing circulatory hydrogen sulfide, nitrite, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in Zucker diabetic fatty rats and in vitro treatment of hydrogen sulfide and nitrite in upregulating vitamin D hydroxylase genes in monocytes

Article

Author: Parsanathan, Rajesh ; Velusamy, Thirunavukkarasu ; Jain, Sushil K. ; Margret, Jeffrey Justin ; Jain, Sushil K

Dairy products, such as whey proteins, have been effectively used to enhance the effectiveness of vitamin D (VD) fortification and optimize circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)VD] levels. Whey protein is rich in l-cysteine (LC) which is the precursor of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), enhances glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis, and promotes positive nitrogen balance. Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were used as a model in this study to examine the hypothesis that LC supplementation enhances blood levels of H₂S and nitrite (NO₂) and reduces inflammation biomarkers. Rats were gavaged daily (orally) with either saline placebo or LC along with a high-calorie diet starting at 6 wk of age. Fasting blood levels showed LC supplementation significantly increased circulatory levels of H₂S and NO₂ compared with placebo rats. LC supplementation increased plasma concentration of 25(OH)VD and vitamin C and lowered leptin and BW gain in ZDF rats. Furthermore, to assess the effect of H₂S and NO₂ in raising 25(OH)VD levels, the in vitro effect of H₂S/NO₂ on vitamin D metabolism genes was examined using THP-1 monocytes. The exogenous H₂S and NO₂ treatment upregulated the relative expression of CYP2R1 and CYP27B1 genes in cultured monocytes. This study suggests a potential mechanism for the observed increase in circulating 25(OH)VD levels following LC supplementation.

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CYP2R1

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