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Last update 08 May 2025

LGALS4

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Antigen NY-CO-27, Gal-4, GAL4

+ [6]

Introduction

Galectin that binds lactose and a related range of sugars. May be involved in the assembly of adherens junctions.

Drugs associated with LGALS4

HG-1058

Target

LGALS4 x LGALS8

Mechanism

LGALS4 modulators [+1]

Active Org.-

Originator Org.

Human Genome Sciences, Inc.

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Immune System Diseases [+3]

Drug Highest PhasePending

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with LGALS4

100 Translational Medicine associated with LGALS4

0 Patents (Medical) associated with LGALS4

3,466

Literatures (Medical) associated with LGALS4

31 Dec 2025·Fly

Stage-specific modulation of Drosophila gene expression with muscle GAL4 promoters

Article

Author: Geisbrecht, Erika R ; Zhao, Ziwei

The bipartite GAL4/UAS system is the most widely used method for targeted gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster and facilitates rapid in vivo genetic experimentation. Defining precise gene expression patterns for tissues and/or cell types under GAL4 control will continue to evolve to suit experimental needs. However, the precise spatial and temporal expression patterns for some commonly used muscle tissue promoters are still unclear. This missing information limits the precise timing of experiments during development. Here, we focus on three muscle-enriched GAL4 drivers (Mef2-GAL4, C57-GAL4 and G7-GAL4) to better inform selection of the most appropriate muscle promoter for experimental needs. Specifically, C57-GAL4 and G7-GAL4 turn on in the first or second instar larval stages, respectively, and can be used to bypass myogenesis for studies of muscle function after development.

01 Jun 2025·Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Phytohormones: Heart of plants’ signaling network under biotic, abiotic, and climate change stresses

Review

Author: Chakraborty, Ritika ; Siddiqui, Mohammed Wasim ; Rehman, Reiaz Ul ; Liu, Haitao ; Seth, Chandra Shekhar

Industrialization has made the world increasingly unstable, subjecting plants to various constraints. As a consequence, plants are constantly experiencing biological, environmental, and climatic constraints, necessitating defense mechanisms to ensure their survival. Plants are vulnerable to various biotic factors, including insects, pathogens (bacterial, fungal, viral, and nematodes), weeds, and herbivores. They also face different abiotic and climate change challenges such as drought (regulated by genes like GH3, DREB, ZIFL1;3, etc), salinity, heavy metals, metalloids, ultraviolet radiations (UV), ozone (O₃), low and high temperature (chilling/cold/freezing/heat), carbon dioxide (CO₂), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and flooding/hypoxia/anoxia. Different transcriptional factors, such as KNOX1, PYK10, and NRP1, regulate these abiotic and climate change stresses. Different phytohormones such as auxin (regulated by components AUX/IAA3, PIN, indole-glucosinolate, indole-3-acetaldoxine), gibberellin (key elements involved in the synthesis and signaling such as DELLA, GA3ox, RhHB1), cytokinin (signaling through ARR5), ethylene (involved transcription factors like AP2/ERF), abscisic acid (signaling regulated through SnRK2), salicylic acid, jasmonic acid (regulated by JAZ1/TIFYIOA), brassinosteroids, nitric oxide, and strigolactones (synthetic precursor being GR24) control plants' maturation in normal and stressed conditions by regulating various metabolic and physiological plant activities. Phytohormonal interactions and their synergy are often assessed by different techniques and assays such as CRISPR/Cas9, ELISA, RIA, luciferase, GAL4, and mEmerald GFP. Their synthesis and signaling are regulated by various genes (such as YUCCA1, YUCCA5, GA3ox, etc), transporters (PIN, such as PIN, ABCB, NPF, etc), and receptors (such as PLY4, PLY5, BZR1/BES1, MYC2, etc) and have different precursors such as L-arginine, L-tryptophan, phenylalanine, linolenic acid, S-adenosylmethionine, geranylgeranyl diphosphate. This review comprehensively analyses the breakthrough in phytohormones and their signaling in regulating plants' growth and maturation. Their significance in combating the biotic, abiotic, and climate change stresses, improving stress adaptation to identify novel strategies enhancing plant resilience, sustainable agriculture, and ensuring food security.

01 Apr 2025·Biochemical Genetics

Analysis of Molecular Genetic Variants of Lgals4 in Esophageal Cancer: A Preliminary Report

Article

Author: Singh, Jatinder ; Kaur, Manpreet ; Kaur, Surmeet ; Devgan, Rajiv ; Kalia, Namarta ; Singh, Jagdeep

Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide and fourth most common in developing countries. Altered glycosylation pattern of cell membrane molecules along with inflammation is a characteristic attribute of oncogenesis. Galectin-4, a tandem repeat galectin, has shown effect on cancer progression/metastasis in digestive system cancers. This role of galectin-4 can be attributed to variations in LGALS4, gene encoding galectin-4. The present case-control study was designed to analyze four intronic SNPs in LGALS4 with susceptibility toward esophageal cancer.Esophageal cancer cases and age- and gender-matched apparently healthy individuals were recruited for the present study. Genotyping of rs8113319, rs4802886, rs4802887, and rs12610990 was carried out using Sanger sequencing and PCR-RFLP. MedCalc software, SNPStats and SHEsis online platform were used for statistical analysis.Genotypic analyses revealed an overall increased heterozygosity of rs12610990, rs4802886, and rs4802887, and AA genotype of rs8113319 in the study participants. Haplotypic analyses also revealed a predominance of AAAT haplotype in the cases. Moreover, combined presence of wild alleles of rs4802886 and rs4802887 could influence protection toward disease, and combined presence of wild alleles of rs12610990 and rs8113319 could influence disease susceptibility. Furthermore, a strong linkage disequilibrium was also observed between the SNPs. Further studies are underway to validate galectin-4 and its genetic variants as blood-based biomarkers in early disease diagnosis, improving treatment outcome.

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LGALS4

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