COIL

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

CLN80, COIL, coilin

+ [1]

Introduction

Component of nuclear coiled bodies, also known as Cajal bodies or CBs, which are involved in the modification and assembly of nucleoplasmic snRNPs.

100 Clinical Results associated with COIL

100 Translational Medicine associated with COIL

0 Patents (Medical) associated with COIL

305

Literatures (Medical) associated with COIL

30 Apr 2025·The FASEB Journal

A Novel Role for Coilin in Vertebrate Innate Immunity

Article

Author: Siddique, Shanzida J. ; Hebert, Michael D. ; McLaurin, Douglas M. ; Gibert, Yann ; Tucker, Sara K. ; Challagundla, Lavanya

ABSTRACTCoilin is a protein localized in the nucleus, where it plays a role in the assembly of the Cajal Body and is involved in ribonucleoprotein biogenesis. Our recent research has uncovered new roles for coilin, including its involvement in producing microRNAs and in modifying other proteins through phosphorylation and SUMOylation. We also proposed that coilin could respond to stress signals. In plants, coilin has been shown to help regulate immune genes and activate defense mechanisms, especially in response to stress. In this study, we used two vertebrate models to study coilin function: a human primary foreskin fibroblast cell line deficient in coilin through RNA interference and a newly created zebrafish line with a mutation in the coilin gene generated by CRISPR‐Cas9. Transcriptomic analysis in these two models of coilin deficiency revealed dysregulation of immunity‐related genes in both species. To phenotypically validate the transcriptomic results, we challenged zebrafish coilin mutants with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which triggers an innate immune response, and identified an attenuated response to LPS in vivo in the zebrafish coilin mutants. Our results support a vital novel function for coilin in vertebrates in regulating the expression of immunity‐related genes. Moreover, these findings could lead to more research on how coilin regulates innate immunity in animals and humans.

03 Feb 2025·Journal of Cell Biology

Identification of coilin interactors reveals coordinated control of Cajal body number and structure

Article

Author: Straube, Korinna ; Kutay, Ulrike ; Neugebauer, Karla M. ; Dörner, Kerstin ; Nischwitz, Emily ; Zhang, Chuyue ; Schärfen, Leonard ; Butter, Falk ; Arias Escayola, Dahyana

The cell nucleus contains distinct biomolecular condensates that form at specific genetic loci, organize chromosomes in 3D space, and regulate RNA processing. Among these, Cajal bodies (CBs) require key “scaffolding” proteins for their assembly, which is not fully understood. Here, we employ proximity biotinylation, mass spectrometry, and functional screening to comprehensively identify and test the functions of CB components. We document 144 protein interactors of coilin, of which 70 were newly detected, and establish 25 players needed for CB assembly and/or maintenance. Surprisingly, the depletion of nine coilin interactors—mostly constituents of the 60S ribosome (RPLs)—increased CB number and caused subdomains defined by coilin and the survival motor neuron protein (SMN) to merge. These phenotypes were traceable to altered nuclear levels of dimethylarginine. Our data implicate RPL24 and other players in the regulation of CBs by modulating posttranslational modifications. Moreover, the prevalence of transcription factors among the identified components highlights roles for gene activity in CB assembly and nuclear positioning.

31 Dec 2024·Nucleus

Nuclear functions regulated by the VRK1 kinase

Review

Author: Lazo, Pedro A.

In the nucleus, the VRK1 Ser-Thr kinase is distributed in nucleoplasm and chromatin, where it has different roles. VRK1 expression increases in response to mitogenic signals. VRK1 regulates cyclin D1 expression at G0 exit and facilitates chromosome condensation at the end of G2 and G2/M progression to mitosis. These effects are mediated by the phosphorylation of histone H3 at Thr3 by VRK1, and later in mitosis by haspin. VRK1 regulates the apigenetic patterns of histones in processes requiring chromating remodeling, such as transcription, replication and DNA repair. VRK1 is overexpressed in tumors, facilitating tumor progression and resistance to genotoxic treatments. VRK1 also regulates the organization of Cajal bodies assembled on coilin, which are necessary for the assembly of different types of RNP complexes. VRK1 pathogenic variants cuase defects in Cajal bodies, functionally altering neurons with long axons and leading to neurological diseases, such as amyotrophic laterla sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, distal hereditay motor neuropathies and Charcot-Marie-Tooth.

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