AANAT

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

AA-NAT, AANAT, aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase

+ [3]

Introduction

Controls the night/day rhythm of melatonin production in the pineal gland. Catalyzes the N-acetylation of serotonin into N-acetylserotonin, the penultimate step in the synthesis of melatonin.

100 Clinical Results associated with AANAT

100 Translational Medicine associated with AANAT

0 Patents (Medical) associated with AANAT

878

Literatures (Medical) associated with AANAT

01 Apr 2025·Food Science & Nutrition

Genome‐Wide Identification and Functional Characterization of New Serotonin N‐Acetyltransferases in Soybean

Article

Author: Zhang, Jiajia ; Li, Haopeng ; Yan, Wei ; Ma, Hongfei ; Zhu, Jianbo

ABSTRACTMelatonin is recognized as a crucial plant hormone due to its significant role in plant development, growth promotion, enhancing antioxidant activity, and stress resistance. Soybean is one of the most important crops globally. To date, three SNAT genes have been cloned in Arabidopsis and rice; however, only one gene, GmSNAT1, has been characterized in soybeans. In this study, members of the GmGNAT family were identified through genome‐wide analysis. Two candidate GmSNAT genes (GmSNAT3.1 and GmSNAT3.2) were selected based on phylogenetic tree analysis and exhibited highly similar protein tertiary structures to ZmSNAT3. Furthermore, the functionality of these two GmSNAT genes was confirmed for synthesizing N‐acetylserotonin or melatonin using serotonin or 5‐methoxytryptamine as substrates in vitro. RNA‐seq data indicated that the transcription levels of GmSNAT3.1 and GmSNAT3.2 were downregulated under conditions of dehydration and salt stress. Additionally, SNAT3 genes from other leguminous plants were identified through homology analysis with GmSNAT genes. This study elucidates the role of SNAT genes in soybeans and establishes a foundation for further exploration into the physiological functions of melatonin within legume plants.

01 Apr 2025·Chemistry & Biodiversity

Insecticidal Activity of Fatty Acids From the Fruit Extract of Momordica cymbalaria Fenzl Ex Naudin, Has Insecticidal Activities on Mosquito Larvae

Article

Author: Shivakumar, Muthugounder Subramanian ; Sethuraman, Veeran ; Arunthirumeni, Murugan ; Selvam, Kuppusamy ; Monika, Subramanian ; Lavanya, Mathiazhakan

ABSTRACTThe fruit and other parts of Momordica cymbalaria are known to have medicinal properties. The study investigates the chemical composition and functional groups of M. cymbalaria fruits to assess the insecticidal potential of its bioactive metabolites. In silico approach was used to understand the mechanism behind the insecticidal nature of these metabolites. Ethyl acetate extract has 18 compounds, whereas 20 compounds were identified in methanol using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy analysis. The extracts contain several functional groups, including alkanes, esters, carboxylic acids, amides and aromatic groups. The insecticidal bioassay using methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of M. cymbalaria on Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae shows that the LC50 value for A. aegypti was 65.7 ppm, for C. quinquefasciatus was 96.9 ppm and for ethyl acetate and methanol extract is 282.36 and 388.09 ppm. Molecular docking of secondary metabolites was performed with five insect proteins, namely, odorant binding protein (OBP), cytochrome P450 (CYP450), prophenol oxidase (PPO), arylalkylamine n‐acetyltransferease (aaNAT) and sterol carrier protein (SCP). Results show that methyl 6‐cis, 9‐cis, 11‐trans‐octadecatrienoate has high binding affinity with sterol carrier protein (SCP‐2) besides showing binding with other insect proteins. The data suggest that methyl 6‐cis, 9‐cis, 11‐trans‐octadecatrienoate has multiple insecticidal actions and may serve as a green insecticide.

01 Mar 2025·Journal of Pineal Research

Melatonin Deficits Result in Pathologic Metabolic Reprogramming in Differentiated Neurons

Article

Author: Suofu, Yalikun ; Baranov, Sergei V. ; Monek, Adam C. ; Singh, Tanisha ; Carlisle, Diane L. ; Jauhari, Abhishek ; Friedlander, Robert M. ; Amygdalos, Olivia R.

ABSTRACTDifferentiation from neural progenitor to mature neuron requires a metabolic switch, whereby mature neurons become almost entirely dependent upon oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for ATP production. Although more efficient with respect to ATP production, OXPHOS produces additional reactive oxygen species, as compared to glycolysis; thus, endogenous mechanisms to quench free radicals are essential for the maintenance of neuronal health. Melatonin is synthesized in neuronal mitochondria and has a dual role as a free radical scavenger and as an inhibitor of mitochondrial‐triggered cell death and proinflammatory pathways. Previously, we showed that loss of endogenous melatonin induced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and cytochrome c (CytC) release triggering pathological inflammation and cell death pathways, respectively. Here we find that in mature neurons, but not undifferentiated neuronal cells, melatonin deficiency altered metabolic reprogramming in aralkylamine N‐acetyltransferase knockout (AANAT‐KO) neurons as compared with neurons expressing AANAT. Interestingly, there are no differences in neural progenitors regardless of AANAT status. In addition, AANAT‐KO deficiency elevated BAK and BAX levels in AANAT‐KO neurons. Further, we found that exogenous melatonin treatment of AANAT‐KO cells during differentiation into mature neurons rescued metabolic reprogramming defects and restored normal BAK/BAX levels. Thus, we demonstrated that the metabolic reprogramming and subsequent consequences of the switch to OXPHOS that normally occurs during neuronal maturation are compromised by melatonin deficiency and rescued by melatonin supplementation.

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