SELENOT

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

selenoprotein T, SELENOT, SELT

+ [1]

Introduction

Selenoprotein with thioredoxin reductase-like oxidoreductase activity (By similarity). Protects dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress and cell death (PubMed:26866473). Involved in ADCYAP1/PACAP-induced calcium mobilization and neuroendocrine secretion (By similarity). Plays a role in fibroblast anchorage and redox regulation (By similarity). In gastric smooth muscle, modulates the contraction processes through the regulation of calcium release and MYLK activation (By similarity). In pancreatic islets, involved in the control of glucose homeostasis, contributes to prolonged ADCYAP1/PACAP-induced insulin secretion (By similarity).

100 Clinical Results associated with SELENOT

100 Translational Medicine associated with SELENOT

0 Patents (Medical) associated with SELENOT

112

Literatures (Medical) associated with SELENOT

01 May 2025·Microbial Pathogenesis

Key genes linking gut microbiota, immune cells, and osteoporosis: A multi-omics approach

Article

Author: Wu, Zuomeng ; Shen, Cailiang ; Guo, Ruocheng ; Zhao, Chenhao ; Li, Qiuwei

BACKGROUNDOsteoporosis, a debilitating condition characterized by decreased bone mass and increased fracture risk, requires novel insights into its molecular mechanisms for improved therapeutic approaches. In this study, we comprehensively explore the causal links between gut microbiota, immune cell regulation, and osteoporosis by integrating Mendelian randomization (MR), single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and bioinformatics analyses.METHODSWe employed a two-sample MR approach to investigate the causal associations between 412 gut microbiota species and two osteoporosis traits using data from the UK Biobank and Finnish cohorts. Additionally, 731 immune cell types were analyzed as potential mediators between the gut microbiota and osteoporosis. Bioinformatics analysis, including gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment, was used to assess the functional implications of differentially expressed genes. ScRNA-seq from publicly available datasets was conducted to profile the expression of key genes, including USP6NL, SELENOT, and TAF1A, in osteoporotic and control samples.RESULTSThe MR analysis identified significant causal relationships between the gut microbiota (notably the glyoxylate cycle) and osteoporosis outcomes. Furthermore, HLA-DR expression on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) was identified as a crucial immune cell mediator between the gut microbiota and osteoporosis, highlighting the immune-microbiota-bone axis. Differential expression analysis from scRNA-seq confirmed the upregulation of USP6NL, SELENOT, and TAF1A in osteoporotic samples. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes play significant roles in pathways related to oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and immune modulation. These findings were validated through GTEX data integration, identifying USP6NL, SELENOT, and TAF1A as potential therapeutic targets for osteoporosis.CONCLUSIONSThis study provides novel insights into the interplay between gut microbiota, immune regulation, and bone metabolism in osteoporosis. The integration of Mendelian randomization, single-cell RNA sequencing, and bioinformatics analyses uncovers USP6NL, SELENOT, and TAF1A as key mediators and potential therapeutic targets in osteoporosis. These findings open up new avenues for personalized treatment strategies targeting the gut-immune-bone axis in osteoporosis management.

05 Feb 2025·The Journal of Biochemistry

Commentary for: a lipid scramblase TMEM41B is involved in the processing and transport of GPI-anchored proteins

Article

Author: Hirayama, Hiroto

AbstractGlycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring is a conserved post-translational modification in eukaryotes. This modification allows acceptor proteins to be expressed at the cell surface as GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs), which play critical roles in various biological processes. It has been proposed that remodelling of GPI after transferring acceptor proteins, including the PGAP1-dependent deacylation of GPI-inositol, functions as a checkpoint for transporting mature GPI-APs from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi. A previous study identified several factors involved in regulating PGAP1-dependent GPI-inositol deacylation, including proteins associated with the calnexin cycles, SELT and CLPTM1. A recent report by Cao et al., revealed that the loss of TMEM41B, an ER-resident lipid scramblase, rescues the defect in GPI-inositol deacylation in SELT-KO cells. Further investigation demonstrated that TMEM41B is essential for the efficient transport of both GPI-APs and transmembrane proteins from the ER to the Golgi. The study also found that PGAP1 proteins accumulate in the ER of TMEM41B-KO cells, suggesting that perturbations in the ER-membrane lipid integrity stabilize PGAP1 proteins, thereby enhancing the PGAP1 activity within the ER. These findings highlight that defects in TMEM41B impact two distinct processes: (i) the transport of GPI-APs from the ER to the Golgi, and (ii) the deacylation of GPI-APs.

01 Nov 2024·PROTEOMICS – Clinical Applications

Comparative Profiling of Milk Somatic Cells Proteomes Revealed Key Players in Mammary Immune Mechanisms During Mastitis in Tropical Sahiwal (Bos indicus) Cows

Article

Author: Karanwal, Seema ; Kamboj, Aarti ; Alhussien, Mohanned Naif ; Alex, Rani ; Kittur, Priyanka M. ; Satheesan, Lija ; Dang, Ajay Kumar ; A. P., Madhusoodan

ABSTRACTPurposeBovine mastitis poses a significant economic burden on the dairy industry worldwide. This pioneering proteomic study conducted a comparative profiling of milk somatic cell (SC) proteins contributing to mammary immune defense during subclinical and clinical mastitis (CM) in Sahiwal (Bos indicus) cows.Experimental DesignBased on California mastitis test (CMT) scores, milk SC counts, differential leukocyte counts (DLCs), and bacteriological culture results, quarter milk SC samples were categorized into healthy (H), subclinical mastitis (SCM), and CM groups. Comparative proteome profiling of milk SCs was done using a label‐free liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) proteomic approach.ResultsThe identified upregulated proteins in mastitis groups such as Vanin 2, Thioredoxin reductase‐like selenoprotein T, Ceramidase, Lymphocyte antigen 75, Misshapen‐like kinase 1 (MINK1), Thrombospondin 1, Macrophage scavenger receptor 1, Leupaxin, and Lipoamide acyltransferase, involved in immune responses. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed immune functions and pathways like antigen processing, complement cascades, extracellular matrix receptor interaction, efferocytosis, leukocyte migration, chemokine, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPARs), and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐beta signaling.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThese findings provide essential information on proteomic profiling in milk SCs and contribute valuable insights into immune‐related proteins regulated during mastitis in dairy cows. Further, validated proteins (Vanin 2, MINK1, and Thrombospondin 1) offer potential inflammatory biomarkers for early mastitis detection in dairy cows.

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SELENOT

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