SYNM

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Desmuslin, DMN, KIAA0353

+ [3]

Introduction

Type-VI intermediate filament (IF) which plays an important cytoskeletal role within the muscle cell cytoskeleton. It forms heteromeric IFs with desmin and/or vimentin, and via its interaction with cytoskeletal proteins alpha-dystrobrevin, dystrophin, talin-1, utrophin and vinculin, is able to link these heteromeric IFs to adherens-type junctions, such as to the costameres, neuromuscular junctions, and myotendinous junctions within striated muscle cells.

100 Clinical Results associated with SYNM

100 Translational Medicine associated with SYNM

0 Patents (Medical) associated with SYNM

358

Literatures (Medical) associated with SYNM

01 Apr 2025·Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

Neurovascular coupling alterations related to cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease: A multiscale brain network perspective

Article

Author: Qiu, Yage ; Xu, Qun ; Zhou, Yan ; Wang, Yuanzheng ; Chen, Yuewei ; Hu, Ying ; Dai, Yongming

Evidence suggests that neurovascular coupling (NVC) dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) may precede typical clinical and imaging manifestations. Here, we explored the underlying brain alterations of multiscale networks in CSVD patients related to cognitive impairment based on the method of NVC. We investigated 124 CSVD patients, including 70 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 54 patients with no cognitive impairment (NCI). Functional MRI and arterial spin labeling were employed to estimate the coupling of spontaneous neuronal activity and cerebral blood perfusion based on the regional homogeneity and cerebral blood flow at the whole-brain, modular, and regional levels. We showed that the NVC of the dorsal attention network (DOR), ventral attention network (VEN) and default mode network (DMN) in the MCI were significantly lower than those in the NCI. The NVC of the DOR, VEN, and DMN in the NCI group exhibited correlations with the executive function. Furthermore, mediation effect of CSVD lesion load was observed for the association between NVC alterations and cognitive function. The abnormal NVC features achieved effective classification performance for MCI and NCI. These findings underscore the significance of specific modular and regional NVC dysfunction in the cognitive outcomes of CSVD. This study revealed the potential of NVC as a focal point for future research on cognitive impairment in CSVD, particularly from the perspective of multiscale brain network analysis.

03 Mar 2025·Network Neuroscience

A telescopic independent component analysis on functional magnetic resonance imaging dataset

Article

Author: Iraji, Armin ; Faghiri, Ashkan ; Calhoun, Vince D. ; Mirzaeian, Shiva

AbstractBrain function can be modeled as dynamic interactions between functional sources at different spatial scales, and each spatial scale can contain its functional sources with unique information, thus using a single scale may provide an incomplete view of brain function. This paper introduces a novel approach, termed “telescopic independent component analysis (TICA),” designed to construct spatial functional hierarchies and estimate functional sources across multiple spatial scales using fMRI data. The method employs a recursive independent component analysis (ICA) strategy, leveraging information from a larger network to guide the extraction of information about smaller networks. We apply our model to the default mode network (DMN), visual network (VN), and right frontoparietal network (RFPN). We investigate further on the DMN by evaluating the difference between healthy people and individuals with schizophrenia. We show that the TICA approach can detect the spatial hierarchy of the DMN, VN, and RFPN. In addition, the TICA revealed DMN-associated group differences between cohorts that may not be captured if we focus on a single-scale ICA. In sum, our proposed approach represents a promising new tool for studying functional sources.

01 Nov 2024·Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery

Direct muscle neurotization: Previous advancements in animal models

Review

Author: Mardini, Samir ; Radtke, Christine ; Millesi, Elena ; Wang, Huan

Peripheral nerve repair is daily activity for several microsurgeons. Numerous nerve repair techniques are applied, including neurorrhaphy, nerve grafting and nerve transfer, depending on the nature and extent of the injury. However, these techniques become unfeasible when the distal nerve end is not preserved during the peripheral nerve injury or a segment of the muscle is transferred without the nerve supplying it. However, direct muscle neurotization (DMN) achieves muscle reinnervation by suturing the nerve directly into the muscle tissue, without requiring a distal nerve end for coaptation. Despite promising results in the literature, DMN is not widely adopted in clinical practice. Animal models may help in advancing novel therapeutic approaches, due to their anatomic and physiologic similarities to humans. This review highlights the current scientific understanding and recent advancements in DMN as well as the animal models and target muscle that have been used in the past to investigate the basic principles behind this surgical technique. The presented information should aid in establishing the clinical importance of DMN in peripheral nerve injury.

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