TSNAX

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

C3PO, translin associated factor X, Translin-associated factor X

+ [3]

Introduction

Acts in combination with TSN as an endonuclease involved in the activation of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Possible role in spermatogenesis.

100 Clinical Results associated with TSNAX

100 Translational Medicine associated with TSNAX

0 Patents (Medical) associated with TSNAX

128

Literatures (Medical) associated with TSNAX

01 Jan 2025·Methods in Enzymology

Analyzing, visualizing, and annotating tRNA-derived RNAs using tRAX and tDRnamer

Article

Author: Lowe, Todd M ; Chan, Patricia P ; Holmes, Andrew D

tRNA-derived RNAs (tDRs) are known for their diverse regulatory roles in many organisms. These small RNA transcripts have been identified mainly by high-throughput RNA sequencing, numbering hundreds to thousands of unique molecules in any given biological sample. As such, bioinformatic analysis is essential in understanding the features, complexity, and unexplored biological patterns of tDRs. This chapter describes use of tRAX: tRNA Analysis of eXpression, a specially designed comprehensive end-to-end software pipeline for tDR abundance estimation, differential expression comparison, and inference of RNA modifications from raw small RNA sequencing data. We also demonstrate tDRnamer, a web- and command-line-based companion tool that provides automated, standardized tDR naming and annotations based on source tRNAs and related tDRs.

01 Apr 2024·Chemico-Biological Interactions

Rosamultin ameliorates radiation injury via promoting DNA injury repair and suppressing oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo

Article

Author: Quan, Xiaoxiao ; Wang, Chang ; Niu, Mengxin ; Luo, Saiyan ; Liu, Ning ; Yuan, Jingquan ; Xu, Qiongming ; Lv, Lijuan ; Liu, Yanli ; Meng, Zhiyun

Radiotherapy remains the preferred treatment option for cancer patients with the advantages of broad indications and significant therapeutic effects. However, ionizing radiation can also damage normal tissues. Unfortunately, there are few anti-radiation damage drugs available on the market for radiotherapy patients. Our previous study showed that rosamultin had antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities. However, its anti-radiation activity has not been evaluated. Irradiating small intestinal epithelial cells and mice with whole-body X-rays radiation were used to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of rosamultin, respectively. Intragastric administration of rosamultin improved survival, limited leukocyte depletion, and reduced damage to the spleen and small intestine in irradiated mice. Rosamultin reversed the downregulation of the apoptotic protein BCL-2 and the upregulation of BAX in irradiated mouse small intestine tissue and in irradiation-induced small intestinal epithelial cells. DNA-PKcs antagonists reversed the promoting DNA repair effects of rosamulin. Detailed mechanistic studies revealed that rosamultin promoted Translin-associated protein X (TRAX) into the nucleus. Knockdown of TRAX reduced the protective effect of rosamultin against DNA damage. In addition, rosamultin reduced irradiation-induced oxidative stress through promoting Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. To sum up, in vitro and in vivo experiments using genetic knockdown and pharmacological activation demonstrated that rosamultin exerts radioprotection via the TRAX/NHEJ and Nrf2/HO pathways.

18 Jul 2023·Journal of the American Heart Association

Adenosine A _2A Receptor Regulates microRNA‐181b Expression in Aorta: Therapeutic Implications for Large‐Artery Stiffness

Article

Author: Shah, Aparna P. ; Steenbergen, Charles ; Baraban, Jay M. ; Yamaguchi, Atsushi ; Fujimori, Tomonari ; Tuday, Eric ; Das, Samarjit ; Akiyoshi, Kei ; Santhanam, Lakshmi ; Fu, Xiuping ; Berkowitz, Dan

BackgroundThe identification of large‐artery stiffness as a major, independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease–associated morbidity and death has focused attention on identifying therapeutic strategies to combat this disorder. Genetic manipulations that delete or inactivate the translin/trax microRNA‐degrading enzyme confer protection against aortic stiffness induced by chronic ingestion of high‐salt water (4%NaCl in drinking water for 3 weeks) or associated with aging. Therefore, there is heightened interest in identifying interventions capable of inhibiting translin/trax RNase activity, as these may have therapeutic efficacy in large‐artery stiffness.Methods and Results Activation of neuronal adenosine A 2A receptors (A 2A Rs) triggers dissociation of trax from its C‐terminus. As A 2A Rs are expressed by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), we investigated whether stimulation of A 2A R on vascular smooth muscle cells promotes the association of translin with trax and, thereby increases translin/trax complex activity. We found that treatment of A7r5 cells with the A 2A R agonist CGS21680 leads to increased association of trax with translin. Furthermore, this treatment decreases levels of pre‐microRNA‐181b, a target of translin/trax, and those of its downstream product, mature microRNA‐181b. To check whether A 2A R activation might contribute to high‐salt water–induced aortic stiffening, we assessed the impact of daily treatment with the selective A 2A R antagonist SCH58261 in this paradigm. We found that this treatment blocked aortic stiffening induced by high‐salt water. Further, we confirmed that the age‐associated decline in aortic pre‐microRNA‐181b/microRNA‐181b levels observed in mice also occurs in humans. Conclusions These findings suggest that further studies are warranted to evaluate whether blockade of A 2A Rs may have therapeutic potential in treating large‐artery stiffness.

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