AOAH

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Acyloxyacyl hydrolase, acyloxyacyl hydrolase (neutrophil), Acyloxyacyl hydrolase large subunit

+ [2]

Introduction

Removes the secondary (acyloxyacyl-linked) fatty acyl chains from the lipid A region of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (PubMed:1883828, PubMed:29343645, PubMed:8089145). By breaking down LPS, terminates the host response to bacterial infection and prevents prolonged and damaging inflammatory responses (By similarity). In peritoneal macrophages, seems to be important for recovery from a state of immune tolerance following infection by Gram-negative bacteria (By similarity).

100 Clinical Results associated with AOAH

100 Translational Medicine associated with AOAH

0 Patents (Medical) associated with AOAH

Literatures (Medical) associated with AOAH

30 Apr 2025·The FASEB Journal

Acyloxyacyl Hydrolase Prevents Colitis and Colitis‐Associated Colorectal Cancer by Inactivating Stimulatory LPS in the Intestine

Article

Author: Gan, Lu ; Jiang, Wei ; Wang, Zhiyan ; Sun, Qingyang ; Xiao, Zeling ; Chu, Yiwei ; Li, Dantong ; Li, Changshun ; Liu, Yiling ; Chen, Jiayi ; Fu, Mingsheng ; Zou, Benkun ; Tang, Jianguo ; Yu, Cheng‐Yun ; Munford, Robert ; Lu, Mingfang ; Li, Xiaobo

ABSTRACTUlcerative colitis (UC) is believed to be triggered by a dysregulated inflammatory response to the intestinal microbiota. Acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH) is a unique host lipase that inactivates Gram‐negative bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). After finding that AOAH produced in the intestine decreases stimulatory LPS levels in colon contents, we used the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model to test the enzyme's ability to prevent colitis in mice. We found that AOAH played a protective role by decreasing colonic inflammation, tissue injury, and barrier permeability. Increasing or decreasing intestinal LPS abundance exacerbated or alleviated colitis, respectively, suggesting that AOAH prevents colitis by reducing stimulatory intestinal LPS levels. AOAH also mitigated colitis‐associated colorectal cancer. This highly conserved enzyme may exert its protective effects by preventing LPS‐induced injury to the epithelial cell mitochondria that are important for restoring the mucosal epithelial barrier after injury. By decreasing intestinal levels of stimulatory LPS, AOAH prevents colitis and colorectal cancer.

01 Aug 2024·Animal genetics

Whole-genome resequencing deciphers patterns of genetic diversity, phylogeny, and evolutionary dynamics in Kashmir cattle.

Article

Author: Wang, Fuwen ; Lei, Chuzhao ; Xiang, Weixuan ; Kuthu, Zulfiqar Hussan ; Ahmed, Zulfiqar ; Xu, Dequan ; Nawaz, Mohsin

AbstractKashmir cattle, which were kept by local pastoralists for centuries, are exceptionally resilient and adaptive to harsh environments. Despite its significance, the genomic characteristics of this cattle breed remain elusive. This study utilized whole genome sequences of Kashmir cattle (n = 20; newly sequenced) alongside published whole genomes of 32 distinct breeds and seven core cattle populations (n = 135). The analysis identified ~25.87 million biallelic single nucleotide polymorphisms in Kashmir cattle, predominantly in intergenic and intron regions. Population structure analyses revealed distinct clustering patterns of Kashmir cattle with proximity to the South Asian, African and Chinese indicine cattle populations. Genetic diversity analysis of Kashmir cattle demonstrated lower inbreeding and greater nucleotide diversity than analyzed global breeds. Homozygosity runs indicated less consanguineous mating in Kashmir cattle compared with European taurine breeds. Furthermore, six selection sweep detection methods were used within Kashmir cattle and other cattle populations to identify genes associated with vital traits, including immunity (BOLA‐DQA5, BOLA‐DQB, TNFAIP8L, FCRL4, AOAH, HIF1AN, FBXL3, MPEG1, CDC40, etc.), reproduction (GOLGA4, BRWD1, OSBP2, LEO1 ADCY5, etc.), growth (ADPRHL1, NRG2, TCF12, TMOD4, GBP4, IGF2, RSPO3, SCD, etc.), milk composition (MRPS30 and CSF1) and high‐altitude adaptation (EDNRA, ITPR2, AGBL4 and SCG3). These findings provide essential genetic insights into the characteristics and establish the foundation for the scientific conservation and utilization of Kashmir cattle breed.

01 Aug 2024·Translational Research

The LPS-inactivating enzyme acyloxyacyl hydrolase protects the brain from experimental stroke

Article

Author: Zhu, Yuanbo ; Chang, Luping ; Fan, Wenying ; Geng, Xue ; Hu, Yue ; Liu, Zhongwang ; Zhao, Bing-Qiao ; Yin, Xuhui

Blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption is a pathological hallmark of ischemic stroke, and inflammation occurring at the BBB contributes to the pathogenesis of ischemic brain injury. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a cell wall component of Gram-negative bacteria, is elevated in patients with acute stroke. The activity of LPS is controlled by acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH), a host enzyme that deacylates LPS to inactivated forms. However, whether AOAH influences the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke remain elusive. We performed in vivo experiments to explore the role and mechanism of AOAH on neutrophil extravasation, BBB disruption, and brain infarction. We found that AOAH was upregulated in neutrophils in peri-infarct areas from mice with transient focal cerebral ischemia. AOAH deficiency increased neutrophil extravasation into the brain parenchyma and proinflammatory cytokine production, broke down the BBB and worsened stroke outcomes in mice. These effects require Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) because absence of TLR4 or pharmacologic inhibition of TLR4 signaling prevented the exacerbated inflammation and BBB damage in Aoah^-/- mice after ischemic stroke. Importantly, neutrophil depletion or inhibition of neutrophil trafficking by blocking LFA-1 integrin dramatically reduced stroke-induced BBB breakdown in Aoah^-/- mice. Furthermore, virus-mediated overexpression of AOAH induced a substantial decrease in neutrophil recruitment that was accompanied by reducing BBB damage and stroke volumes. Our findings show the importance of AOAH in regulating neutrophil-dependent BBB breakdown and cerebral infarction. Consequently, strategies that modulate AOAH may be a new therapeutic approach for treatment of ischemic stroke.

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AOAH

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