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Last update 23 Jan 2025

Dicer

Last update 23 Jan 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Dicer, dicer 1, ribonuclease III, DICER1

+ [7]

Introduction

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) endoribonuclease playing a central role in short dsRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Cleaves naturally occurring long dsRNAs and short hairpin pre-microRNAs (miRNA) into fragments of twenty-one to twenty-three nucleotides with 3' overhang of two nucleotides, producing respectively short interfering RNAs (siRNA) and mature microRNAs. SiRNAs and miRNAs serve as guide to direct the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to complementary RNAs to degrade them or prevent their translation. Gene silencing mediated by siRNAs, also called RNA interference, controls the elimination of transcripts from mobile and repetitive DNA elements of the genome but also the degradation of exogenous RNA of viral origin for instance. The miRNA pathway on the other side is a mean to specifically regulate the expression of target genes.

Drugs associated with Dicer

CIB-3b

Target

Dicer x TARBP2

Mechanism

Dicer inhibitors [+1]

Active Org.

Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Originator Org.

Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Active Indication

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with Dicer

100 Translational Medicine associated with Dicer

0 Patents (Medical) associated with Dicer

4,369

Literatures (Medical) associated with Dicer

01 Apr 2025·Journal of Affective Disorders

Predicting the evolution from first-episode psychosis to mood or psychotic disorder: A systematic review of biological markers

Review

Author: Lemey, Christophe ; Terrisse, Raphaël ; Stephan, Florian ; Walter, Michel

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESISThe development of paraclinical tools to assist clinical assessment is already widespread in nearly all other medical specialties. In psychiatry, many efforts are being made to improve management strategies using these new techniques. The first episode psychosis (FEP) is a clinical entity whose evolution after onset is difficult to predict in the current state of our practices. Our main objective was to identify from the literature the most promising biological markers for early prediction of thymic or psychotic trajectories following FEP.STUDY DESIGNWe performed a systematic literature review on 4 databases: PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science following PRISMA guidelines and using search terms related to FEP and biomarkers.STUDY RESULTSEight studies were included in our final analysis. Several biomarkers showed promising discriminatory capacities for predicting post-FEP evolution: the interleukins IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-1β, and the mRNA expression levels of the DICER-1 and AKT-1 genes. Other studies that opted for broad-spectrum strategies also highlighted new leads for the discovery of additional biomarkers.CONCLUSIONSOverall, our results indicate the value of replicating studies targeting the analysis of the predictive capacities of several biological markers. It also appears important to homogenize methodologies and favor the construction of predictive models on several of these markers to reinforce their statistical significance.

01 Mar 2025·Laboratory Investigation

The Molecular Landscape of 227 Adult Granulosa Cell Tumors of the Ovary: Insights into the Progression from Primary to Recurrence

Article

Author: Hájková, Nikola ; Hausnerová, Jitka ; Šafanda, Adam ; Kendall Bártů, Michaela ; Shatokhina, Tetiana ; Hácová, Mária ; Škarda, Jozef ; Švajdler, Marián ; Náležinská, Monika ; Matěj, Radoslav ; Krkavcová, Eva ; Laco, Jan ; Michálková, Romana ; Zima, Tomáš ; Němejcová, Kristýna ; Dundr, Pavel ; Hojný, Jan ; Méhes, Gábor

Adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs) of the ovary are characterized by their propensity for late recurrences and are primarily managed surgically due to the limited efficacy of systemic treatment. The FOXL2 p.C134W somatic mutation has been identified in ∼95% of AGCT cases, and TERT promoter alterations have been linked to worse overall survival. This study highlights the potential prognostic significance of FOXO1 mutations, suggesting that they may be associated with poorer overall survival and shorter time to recurrence. A total of 183 primary AGCTs and 44 recurrences without corresponding primary tumors were analyzed. The primary AGCTs were categorized into 3 groups: 77 nonrecurrent tumors, 18 tumors that later recurred (including 9 cases with matched primary-recurrence pairs), and 88 tumors with unknown recurrence status. Targeted next-generation sequencing was conducted on 786 cancer-related genes to investigate their genetic profile. The study aimed to identify the molecular alterations associated with AGCT pathogenesis and recurrence rate, comparing primary versus recurrent tumors, and primary recurrent versus primary nonrecurrent cases. Our findings confirmed the high prevalence (99%) of the FOXL2 p.C134W mutation in AGCTs. Secondary truncating FOXL2 mutations were observed in 5% of cases. Two cases with typical AGCT morphology were FOXL2 wild-type, harboring mutations in KRAS or KMT2D instead, suggesting alternative genetic pathways. TERT promoter mutations were found in 43% of cases, more frequently in recurrences. Other recurrent mutations detected in the cohort included KMT2D (10%), FOXO1 (7%), CHEK2 (5%), TP53 (3.5%), PIK3CA (3.5%), and AKT1 (3%). Two recurrent, FOXL2-mutated cases also carried DICER1 mutations. One tumor exhibited MSI-high status and a tumor mutation burden of 19 mut/Mb.Our results indicate the need for further investigation into the role of FOXO1 as a potential prognostic marker in AGCTs.

01 Feb 2025·Non-coding RNA Research

ADAR1-regulated miR-142-3p/RIG-I axis suppresses antitumor immunity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Article

Author: Wang, Dehui ; Li, Wanpeng ; Li, Han ; Xu, Haoyuan ; Sun, Xicai ; Yu, Haoran ; Hu, Li ; Li, Houyong ; Liu, Quan ; Zhang, Huankang ; Xue, Kai ; Gu, Yurong

Following the initial treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), tumor progression often portends an adverse prognosis for these patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of tumor immunity, yet their intricate mechanisms in NPC remain elusive. Through comprehensive miRNA sequencing, tumor tissue microarrays and tissue samples analysis, we identified miR-142-3p as a significantly upregulated miRNA that is strongly associated with poor prognosis in recurrent NPC patients. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism, we employed RNA sequencing, coupled with cellular and tissue assays, to identify the downstream targets and associated signaling pathways of miR-142-3p. Our findings revealed two potential targets, CFL2 and WASL, which are directly targeted by miR-142-3p. Functionally, overexpressing CFL2 or WASL significantly reversed the malignant phenotypes induced by miR-142-3p both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, signaling pathway analysis revealed that miR-142-3p repressed the RIG-I-mediated immune defense response in NPC by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of IRF3, IRF7 and p65. Moreover, we discovered that ADAR1 physically interacted with Dicer and promoted the formation of mature miR-142-3p in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, ADAR1-mediated miR-142-3p processing promotes tumor progression and suppresses antitumor immunity, indicating that miR-142-3p may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for NPC patients.

News (Medical) associated with Dicer

18 Apr 2023

·www.prnewswire.com

Star Gala inspires record-breaking donations to support life-saving resources for Children's Minnesota cancer and blood disorders program

MINNEAPOLIS and ST. PAUL, Minn., April 17, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Children's Minnesota announced today that a record-breaking $2.36 million was raised at this year's Star Gala – one of the biggest nights of the year for the philanthropic community in the Twin Cities. The 31st annual Star Gala benefited the Children's Minnesota cancer and blood disorders program, the largest program of its kind in the Upper Midwest. The event, hosted by KARE 11's Belinda Jensen, brought business leaders, philanthropists and community members to The Depot in Minneapolis on Saturday, April 15 to raise vital funds that will be invested in life-saving resources, wrap-around services for patient families, and cutting-edge cancer and blood disorders research. "Our program offers advanced, individualized care for our patients because we know that not every cancer and blood disorder diagnosis is the same. We also have the largest clinical research staff in the region, and we participate in over 100 research studies, meaning our patients have access to innovative treatments before they're widely available," said Dr. Sue Kearney, medical director of the cancer and blood disorders program. "We are grateful for the generosity of our community. Their support of our program allows us to continue advancing the treatment of cancer and blood disorders and provide the highly specialized care that can get kids on the road to recovery." To support Children's Minnesota, visit ChildrensMN.org/StarGala. The cancer and blood disorders program at Children's Minnesota cares for more than 3,500 patients from infants to young adults each year, including more than 80 percent of Minnesota children with sickle cell disease or hemoglobinopathies and other hemophilia diagnoses. Children's Minnesota is a part of the Therapeutic Advances in Childhood Leukemia & Lymphoma (TACL) consortium, which offers eligible patients with recurrent leukemias and lymphomas access to early studies of new drugs. The program is also a member of the Pacific Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Consortium (PNOC), which is made up of 18 children's hospitals dedicated to improving the outcomes for children with brain and spinal cord tumors. In addition, Children's Minnesota is home to the International Ovarian and Testicular Stromal Tumor Registry and International Pleuropulmonary Blastoma/DICER1 Registry. The registries collect clinical and biological information about these rare tumors in order to improve treatment and screening. The Star Gala was made possible by presenting sponsor APi Group. Other top sponsors at this year's event include: Baird Private Wealth Management and Great Clips. About Children's Minnesota Children's Minnesota is one of the largest pediatric health systems in the United States and the only health system in Minnesota to provide care exclusively to children, from before birth through young adulthood. An independent and not-for-profit system since 1924, Children's Minnesota serves kids throughout the Upper Midwest at two free-standing hospitals, nine primary care clinics, multiple specialty clinics and seven rehabilitation sites. As The Kids ExpertsTM, Children's Minnesota is regularly ranked by U.S. News & World Report as a top children's hospital. Find us on Facebook @childrensminnesota or on Twitter and Instagram @childrensmn. Please visit childrensMN.org. SOURCE Children's Minnesota

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