PROZ

Last update 23 Jan 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

protein Z, vitamin K dependent plasma glycoprotein, PROZ, PZ

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Introduction

Appears to assist hemostasis by binding thrombin and promoting its association with phospholipid vesicles. Inhibits activity of the coagulation protease factor Xa in the presence of SERPINA10, calcium and phospholipids.

100 Clinical Results associated with PROZ

100 Translational Medicine associated with PROZ

0 Patents (Medical) associated with PROZ

408

Literatures (Medical) associated with PROZ

15 Jan 2025·The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

Genetic markers for inherited thrombophilia related pregnancy loss and implantation failure in Indian population – implications for diagnosis and clinical management

Article

Author: Lava, Chaitra ; Udumudi, Anuradha

AIMThe biology of recurrent pregnancy loss and recurrent implantation failure (RPL-RIF) is complex with multi-factorial etiology, with defective thrombosis being one of the most important and highly prevalent causes. The role of several thrombophilia related genes and variants associated with RPL-RIF is widely reported, and this study aimed to identify the risk associated with these genes in the Indian population.METHODSNext generation sequencing (NGS) was employed for the current study. NGS enables sequencing of multiple genes, identification of new variants, and establishment of genetic correlations with reproductive failure in diverse population groups. The present NGS based study evaluates association of twenty-nine genotypes of ten coagulation pathway genes (F2, F5, F13, MTR, MTRR, MTHFR, ANXA5, PROZ, SERPINE1 and VEGFA) with RPL-RIF in 540 female subjects - 474 patients with early recurrent pregnancy loss, late pregnancy loss, pregnancy complications in late gestation and recurrent implantation failure, with 66 controls.RESULTSThe results emphasize inclusion of genotypes of seven thrombophilia genes (MTHFR, MTRR, MTR, ANXA5, PROZ, SERPINE1, VEGFA) for diagnosis of inherited thrombophilia risk for RPL-RIF in Indian population, as against the common practice of testing limited to F2, F5 and MTHFR genes.CONCLUSIONDeriving risk magnitude from Combined Risk Analysis and interpretation of high-risk haplotypes are crucial components for evidence based personalized management such as selection of drugs and dosage, and prenatal or pre-implantation recommendations, for high-risk patients in fertility and obstetric clinics.

01 Jan 2025·Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Loss of function in protein Z (PROZ) is associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke in the UK Biobank

Article

Author: Chaudhry, Sharjeel ; Jurgens, Sean J ; Bendapudi, Pavan K ; Ellinor, Patrick T ; Sanna-Cherchi, Simone ; Choi, Seung Hoan ; Haj, Amelia K. ; Haj, Amelia K ; Ryu, Justine ; Hou, Cody ; Wang, Xin ; Jurgens, Sean J. ; Ellinor, Patrick T. ; Bendapudi, Pavan K. ; Anderson, Christopher D ; Anderson, Christopher D. ; Koyama, Satoshi

BACKGROUNDThe vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor protein Z (PZ), encoded by the PROZ gene, is canonically considered to have anticoagulant effects through negative regulation of factor Xa. Paradoxically, higher circulating PZ concentrations have repeatedly been associated with an elevated risk of acute ischemic stroke.OBJECTIVESWe performed a large-scale genetic association study to examine the relationship between germline genetic variants in PROZ and the risk of ischemic stroke.METHODSUsing whole-exome sequencing and clinical data for 416 711 participants in the UK Biobank (UKB), we identified individuals with rare (minor allele frequency ≤0.1%) putatively function-altering variants in PROZ. Using Firth's logistic regression and controlling for known stroke risk factors, we evaluated the association between variant carrier status and noncardioembolic ischemic stroke (NCEIS). Additionally, we evaluated differences in the plasma levels of 1472 proteins between PROZ variant carriers and noncarriers in a subset of 48 893 UKB participants.RESULTSAfter accounting for missing data, qualifying variants in PROZ were identified in 414 UKB participants (99.0% heterozygous). Variant carriers had a significantly increased risk of NCEIS (odds ratio, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.15-4.13; P = .02) but not of venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, or peripheral artery disease. Plasma proteomics analysis revealed that PROZ variant carriers had significantly elevated levels of 2 proteins related to the response to cerebral ischemia, peroxiredoxins 1 and 6 (PRDX1: fold change, 1.83; P = 1.3 × 10^-5; PRDX6: fold change, 1.78; P = 9.6 × 10^-10).CONCLUSIONLifelong exposure to decreased PZ levels confers a significantly increased risk of NCEIS, consistent with the role of PZ as an anticoagulant factor.

01 Dec 2024·Food Chemistry

Comparison of recombinant protein Z with natural protein Z derived from malt: From structure to functional properties

Article

Author: Yang, Kailin ; Lv, Chenyan ; Gao, Yang ; Liu, Hanhan ; Lin, Junyu ; Zhao, Guanghua

Protein Z (PZ) is a prominent albumin found in the endosperm of barley seeds with a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa. Its multifaceted functional attributes, including trypsin- and thrombin-inhibiting bioactivities and superior foaming properties, have garnered significant attention in research. Considering the post-translational modifications of PZ natural in barley malt, we tried to express recombinant protein Z (rPZ) in E. coli. The present study aims to undertake a comparative analysis between natural PZ and rPZ in order to elucidate their respective characteristics. After spectral analysis, there are significant differences in their secondary and tertiary structures. In addition, rPZ showed superior foamability and foam stability. As for the serpin-like activity, the inhibition rate of rPZ is much higher than that of PZ. In contrast with the inhibition activity, the digestability of rPZ is much lower than that of PZ. As for the cargo carrier properties, rPZ showed an excellent ability to stabilize astaxanthin at 37 °C. These results suggest that rPZ is more suitable as protein carrier, due to the high foamability, serpin-like activity and low digestive stability, which not only give a brief view of recombinant protein, but also give a direction for PZ in cargo delivery.

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