ACOX1

Last update 23 Jan 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

ACOX, ACOX1, acyl-CoA oxidase 1

+ [10]

Introduction

Involved in the initial and rate-limiting step of peroxisomal beta-oxidation of straight-chain saturated and unsaturated very-long-chain fatty acids (PubMed:7876265, PubMed:15060085, PubMed:17458872, PubMed:17603022, PubMed:32169171, PubMed:33234382). Catalyzes the desaturation of fatty acyl-CoAs such as palmitoyl-CoA (hexadecanoyl-CoA) to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs ((2E)-enoyl-CoAs) such as (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoA, and donates electrons directly to molecular oxygen (O(2)), thereby producing hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) (PubMed:7876265, PubMed:17458872, PubMed:17603022). Shows highest activity against medium-chain fatty acyl-CoAs. Shows optimum activity with a chain length of 10 carbons (decanoyl-CoA) in vitro. Is active against a much broader range of substrates and shows activity towards long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs.

100 Clinical Results associated with ACOX1

100 Translational Medicine associated with ACOX1

0 Patents (Medical) associated with ACOX1

2,405

Literatures (Medical) associated with ACOX1

01 Mar 2025·Journal of Hazardous Materials

Hepatotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and neurotoxicity risks associated with co-exposure of zebrafish to fluoroquinolone antibiotics and tire microplastics: An in silico study

Article

Author: Liu, Yajing ; Ding, Xiaowen ; Li, Yu ; Xiao, Botian ; Li, Xixi ; Zhang, Zuning ; Wen, Jingya ; Qian, Feng ; Pu, Qikun

This study aimed to investigate the differences in the mechanisms of microscopic hepatotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and neurotoxicity in aquatic organisms co-exposed to styrene-butadiene rubber tire microplastics (SBR TMPs) and fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs). We found that hepatotoxicity in zebrafish induced by SBR TMPs and FQs was significantly higher than developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity. Furthermore, the main effects of the FQs primarily manifested as synergistic toxicity, whereas the low- and high-order interactions of the FQs mainly exhibited synergistic and antagonistic effects, respectively. Factorial analysis and the mixture toxicity index revealed that the synergistic effects of lomefloxacin × moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin × lomefloxacin × enrofloxacin interactions significantly contributed to hepatotoxicity in zebrafish exposed to SBR TMP. SBR TMPs and antibiotics primarily induced hepatotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and neurotoxicity in zebrafish by affecting the activities of Cyp1a, Acox1, TRα, and mAChR. The observed toxicities were closely linked to the hydrophilic/hydrophobic groups, electronegativity, group mass, and structural complexity of the FQ molecules. This study provides new insights regarding the toxicological risks to aquatic organisms from co-exposure to SBR TMPs and FQs from a microscopic perspective. Future studies should include a broader range of antibiotics and tire microplastics and consider their long-term adverse effects on aquatic life.

14 Jan 2025·Environmental Science & Technology

Arsenic Exposure Triggers Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Repressing S-Adenosylmethionine-Dependent Histone Methylation in Rats

Article

Author: Chi, Qiaoqiao ; Lu, Yan-Yang ; Zhang, Jie ; Huang, Qingyu ; Tian, Meiping ; Che, Zhenbin ; Lu, Lu ; Hua, Weizhen ; Li, Fuping

Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid widespread in the environment, and its exposure has been associated with a variety of adverse health outcomes. As exposure is demonstrated to cause nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and the underlying epigenetic mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the roles of histone modifications in low-level As exposure-induced NAFLD in rats. The results showed that exposure to As caused lipid accumulation and upregulated the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes Fabp1, Srebf1, and Apoc3, while downregulated Acox1 and Cpt1a in rat liver. In addition, it was found that inorganic arsenite (iAs^III) was methylated to DMA, and the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) level was decreased, which would contribute to the repression of H3K9me1/2 in rat liver after exposure. The in vitro studies revealed that SAM supplementation attenuated lipid accumulation by restoring H3K9me1/2 in HepG2 cells, which further confirmed our animal results. Therefore, it is suggested that As methylation depleted SAM, which inhibited H3K9me1/2 and activated Fabp1, Srebf1, and Apoc3 expressions, leading to NAFLD upon inorganic As exposure. Overall, these data shed new light on the role of SAM-mediated histone methylation in As-triggered NAFLD, which could be useful for the prevention and intervention of hepatotoxicity induced by environmental As exposure.

01 Jan 2025·Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Comparative hepatoprotective effects of flavonoids-rich fractions from flowers and leaves of Penthorum chinense Pursh in vitro

Article

Author: Jiang, Jian-Guo ; Li, Yi-Meng ; Luo, Ting ; Zhu, Wei ; Yan, Mao-Mao

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCEPenthorum chinense Pursh is a traditional Miao ethnomedicine rich in bioactive components, widely recognized for its hepatoprotective properties. However, the hepatoprotective effects of its flowers and leaves have not been individually elucidated.AIMS OF THE STUDYThe objective of this study was to isolate and purify flavonoids-rich fractions from the flowers (PFF) and leaves (PLF) of P. chinense, and to assess their potential protective effects against oxidative, alcohol-induced, and free fatty acid (FFA) induced injury in hepatic cells.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe P. chinense flowers and leaves flavonoids-rich fractions were extracted by the method optimized by response surface methodology, and the extracts were subsequently purified using petroleum ether and microporous column. The physical characteristics and component composition of PFF and PLF were analyzed by FT-IR and UPLC-MS/MS. The hepatoprotective activities of PFF and PLF were evaluated by the alcohol, H₂O₂, and FFA-induced hepatocyte injury cellular model in vitro. The protective effects of PFF and PLF on the hepatic cells were evaluated by assessing cell apoptosis rate, enzymes activities, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mRNA expression in relevant signaling pathways.RESULTSThe results revealed that PFF was mainly composed of pinocembrin, quercitrin and quercetin, while PLF was predominantly composed of quercetin, pinocembrin, and kaempferol and their derivatives. PFF and PLF exhibited distinct effects on increasing the cell proliferation rate, regulating the MDA, GOT and GPT levels, and modulating the mRNA expression in apoptosis and antioxidant pathways in alcohol damaged LO2 cells. PFF exhibited superior efficacy in reducing cell apoptosis in alcohol-damage cells compared to PLF. Both PFF and PLF alleviated mitochondrial stress in H₂O₂-induced LO2 cells. Additionally, the PFF and PLF attenuated lipid accumulation and activated mRNA expressions in PPARα/ACOX1/CPT-1 lipid metabolism pathways, as well as Nrf2/ARE oxidative stress pathways.CONCLUSIONThis study compared the hepatoprotective activities of flavonoids-rich fractions purified from the flowers and leaves of P. chinense. The results contribute to the enhanced development and utilization of various parts of P. chinense aimed at medical and health food applications.

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ACOX1

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