SPPL2B

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

IMP-4, IMP4, Intramembrane protease 4

+ [9]

Introduction

Intramembrane-cleaving aspartic protease (I-CLiP) that cleaves type II membrane signal peptides in the hydrophobic plane of the membrane. Functions in ITM2B and TNF processing (PubMed:16829951, PubMed:16829952, PubMed:17965014, PubMed:19114711, PubMed:22194595). Catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of the anchored fragment of shed TNF-alpha (TNF), which promotes the release of the intracellular domain (ICD) for signaling to the nucleus (PubMed:16829951, PubMed:16829952). May play a role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity (PubMed:16829952). Catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of the simian foamy virus processed leader peptide gp18 of the envelope glycoprotein gp130 dependently of prior ectodomain shedding by furin or furin-like proprotein convertase (PC)-mediated cleavage proteolysis (PubMed:23132852).

100 Clinical Results associated with SPPL2B

100 Translational Medicine associated with SPPL2B

0 Patents (Medical) associated with SPPL2B

126

Literatures (Medical) associated with SPPL2B

01 Mar 2025·Environment International

Long-read epicPCR enhances species-level host identification of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes in environmental microbial communities

Article

Author: Zhang, Yu ; Deng, Ye ; Dai, Shiting ; Yang, Min ; Li, Juan ; Liu, Shihai

Identifying clinically relevant antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) hosts in complex microbial communities is crucial for environmental health. EpicPCR (emulsion, paired isolation, and concatenation PCR), a single-cell technology, has advanced this field. However, its traditional format, which links target genes to the V4 region of 16S rRNA genes (∼300 bp), limits species-level identification. To overcome this, we developed "long-read" epicPCR, which links target genes to 16S segments spanning the V4-V9 regions (∼1000 bp) by refining primer pairing strategies to balance amplification length and specificity. We validated this approach by targeting seven clinically relevant ARGs (optrA, tet(X4), mcr-3, NDM-5, KPC-2, IMP-4, and VIM-1), an efflux pump gene (tmexD), and an insertion sequence gene (IS1216E), all confirming correct sequence fusion. Using the optrA gene as a model target, long-read epicPCR demonstrated greater precision and fewer false positives than the short-read method in mock communities. It also significantly improved the identification rate of optrA host species from 29.0 % to 54.4 % in anaerobic digestion reactors, while maintaining consistency with short-read epicPCR in profiling host bacterial communities. Moreover, long-read epicPCR identified two novel optrA host species, Lactobacillus amylotrophicus and Streptococcus alactolyticus, in anaerobic effluents, highlighting potential dissemination risks. Notably, this versatile method is envisioned to enhance targeted antimicrobial surveillance and microbial functional dynamics monitoring in the environment.

01 Mar 2025·International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Comparative genomic analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici reveals telomeric duplications of a lineage-specific region carrying SIX8 and PSL1 and genome-wide expansion of Foxy transposable elements

Article

Author: Sun, Xizhe ; Ma, Lisong ; Wang, Jianbiao ; Fu, Jiajia ; Jones, David ; Wang, Yifei ; Song, Danyang ; Liu, Mengyang ; Liu, Yongyi ; Wang, Dongmei

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), the causal agent of tomato wilt disease, is a soil-borne, vascular-colonizing fungal pathogen that severely impacts tomato production in most growing regions worldwide. Despite the availability of over thirty Fol genome sequences in public databases, only one chromosome-scale assembly exists, comprising the low sequence-coverage Fol4287 reference genome generated using Sanger sequencing. Thus, genome structural variation and comparative genomics analyses of Fol remain largely unexplored. Here, using third generation Nanopore long-read sequencing in combination with high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) data, we have independently constructed a high-quality assembly and annotation of the Fol007 race 2 genome that consists of 15 pseudochromosomes with 25 telomeres, including 10 telomere-to-telomere chromosomes. The Fol007 genome is predicted to contain 29,148 protein-encoding genes, including all known SIX genes except for SIX4, which is absent in Fol race 2. Compared to the genome of Fusarium verticillioides, the Fol007 genome contains four complete lineage-specific (LS) chromosomes, including chromosome 5 (Chr5), chromosome 13 (Chr13), and two small chromosomes, Chr14 and Chr15. Comparative genomic analysis between the newly assembled Fol007 genome and Fol4287_2010 deposited in the GenBank database reveals that the completely assembled Chr13 of Fol007 carrying all known SIX genes (except SIX4 and SIX8) and three novel candidate effector genes is relatively stable and corresponds to pathogenicity chromosome Chr14 in Fol4287_2010. It also reveals a telomeric duplication of an LS region carrying SIX8 and PSL1 on core chromosomes Chr6, Chr7 and Chr11, and LS chromosome Chr15, as well as the absence of segmental duplications on LS chromosomes of the Fol007 genome. Furthermore, compared to the genomes of Fol race 1 and non-pathogenic Fo strains, an active and specific Foxy transposable element, responsible for the inactivation of a second copy of SIX13, was identified and found to have expanded in the genomes of Fol race 2 and 3 strains. This element may contribute to Fusarium oxysporum genome evolution and has potential as a genetic marker for studying phylogenetic relationships among formae speciales of Fusarium oxysporum. These findings provide a basis for further genetic and genomic understanding of Fol evolution and virulence mechanisms employed by Fol and contribute another reference genome for Fusarium study more broadly.

01 Mar 2025·Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance

Mechanisms of blaIMP-4 dissemination across diverse carbapenem-resistant clinical isolates

Article

Author: Pereira, Stephanie C ; Yu, Yunsong ; Morris, Faye C ; Srikhanta, Yogi ; Jiang, Yan ; Fu, Ying ; Lyras, Dena ; Kostoulias, Xenia ; Williams, Galain ; Macesic, Nenad ; Peleg, Anton Y ; Vidor, Callum

OBJECTIVEThe IMP-4 carbapenemase is an endemic cause of carbapenem resistance in the Asia-Pacific region. Our aim was to determine the dissemination mechanism of the bla_IMP-4 gene.METHODSTwelve representative Australian IMP-4 clinical isolates from The Alfred Hospital (Victoria, Australia) were characterised using antimicrobial susceptibility testing, with their genome and plasmid assemblies analysed. The conjugation efficiencies of different plasmids were investigated using filter mating with four recipient strains across two species.RESULTSSelected IMP-4 isolates included six species and four genera (Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Serratia, and Acinetobacter), whereby isolates of the same species belonged to the same sequence type and were closely related. Four IMP-4 plasmid types were noted: IncHI2A types 1 and 2 (Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter hormaechei, respectively), IncC (Serratia marcescens and Klebsiella pneumoniae), and a novel type in Acinetobacter pittii. Sequence homology was observed across all plasmids at the bla_IMP-4 location, termed Region I, with IS26 on IncHI2A, and IS5075 and Tn3 resistance gene cassettes present on IncC plasmids. Genomic rearrangements mediated by IS26 or Tn3 and IS5075 were identified in Region I of plasmids from the same Inc type. The plasmids of each Inc type were capable of conjugative transfer with varying efficiency. IncH12A plasmids and K. pneumoniae IncC displayed higher transfer efficiencies than other plasmids examined in this study when using the recipient E. coli strain J53 (with conjugation efficiencies of 1.17×10^-2 to 5.02×10^-5, P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSClonal spread, Inc type, homologous region, and insertion sequences are important mobility factors in the dissemination and evolution of bla_IMP-4 plasmids.

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SPPL2B

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