What are the side effects of Belzutifan?

Belzutifan, also known by its trade name Welireg, is a medication used for the treatment of certain types of cancers. As with any medication, it is essential to be aware of the possible side effects that may accompany its use. Understanding these side effects can help patients and healthcare providers manage them more effectively.

One of the most commonly reported side effects of Belzutifan is anemia. Anemia occurs when the body does not have enough red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to tissues, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. Patients undergoing treatment with Belzutifan may require regular blood tests to monitor their red blood cell levels and may need interventions such as iron supplements or blood transfusions if their anemia becomes severe.

Another frequent side effect is fatigue. Fatigue associated with Belzutifan can range from mild to severe and may impact daily activities. It is important for patients to communicate with their healthcare team about their energy levels and to follow any recommended strategies to manage this condition, such as ensuring adequate rest, maintaining a balanced diet, and engaging in light physical activity as tolerated.

Nausea and vomiting are also reported by patients taking Belzutifan. These symptoms can often be managed with anti-nausea medications prescribed by the healthcare provider. Eating small, frequent meals and avoiding foods that trigger nausea may also help alleviate these symptoms.

Decreased appetite is another side effect that some patients may experience. This can lead to weight loss and nutritional deficiencies if not properly managed. Patients are encouraged to eat nutrient-dense foods and might benefit from consultation with a dietitian to ensure they are receiving adequate nutrition during their treatment.

Belzutifan can also cause increased levels of creatinine, a waste product filtered by the kidneys. Elevated creatinine levels can indicate that the kidneys are not functioning properly. Regular monitoring of kidney function through blood tests is recommended, and any significant changes should be addressed by the healthcare team.

Additionally, headaches are a reported side effect of Belzutifan. These can vary in intensity and may be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers, though it is important to consult a healthcare provider before taking any additional medications.

Some patients may experience dizziness while taking Belzutifan. To reduce the risk of falls or other injuries, it is advisable for patients to rise slowly from sitting or lying positions and to avoid activities that require full alertness until they know how the medication affects them.

It is also possible for patients to develop low blood oxygen levels, known as hypoxia, during treatment with Belzutifan. Symptoms of hypoxia may include shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, and confusion. Immediate medical attention is necessary if these symptoms occur.

Lastly, liver enzyme abnormalities can be a side effect of Belzutifan. Regular monitoring of liver function through blood tests is important, and any signs of liver issues, such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or severe abdominal pain, should be reported to a healthcare provider promptly.

In summary, while Belzutifan can be an effective treatment for certain cancers, it is associated with a range of potential side effects, including anemia, fatigue, nausea, decreased appetite, elevated creatinine levels, headaches, dizziness, hypoxia, and liver enzyme abnormalities. Patients should maintain open communication with their healthcare team to manage these side effects effectively and ensure the best possible outcomes during their treatment.