What are the side effects of Mefenamic Acid?

Mefenamic acid is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly prescribed to relieve moderate pain and inflammation associated with various conditions, including menstrual pain, arthritis, and muscle aches. While it can be effective in managing these symptoms, it is essential to be aware of the potential side effects that may occur during its use.

Gastrointestinal Issues: One of the most common side effects of mefenamic acid is gastrointestinal discomfort. This can include symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain. In some cases, more severe conditions like gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcers, and perforation can occur, especially with long-term use or at higher doses.

Cardiovascular Risks: Mefenamic acid, like other NSAIDs, can increase the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes. This risk is higher in individuals with preexisting heart conditions or those who use the medication for an extended period. It is crucial to discuss your cardiovascular health with your healthcare provider before starting mefenamic acid.

Kidney Function: Mefenamic acid can negatively impact kidney function, particularly in individuals with preexisting kidney conditions or those who are dehydrated. Signs of kidney problems can include reduced urine output, swelling in the legs and ankles, and unusual fatigue. Regular monitoring of kidney function may be necessary for long-term users.

Liver Concerns: Although rare, mefenamic acid can cause liver damage. Symptoms of liver issues include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, severe fatigue, and abdominal pain. If you experience these symptoms, it is imperative to seek medical attention immediately.

Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to mefenamic acid. Symptoms can range from mild rashes and itching to more severe reactions like difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, and anaphylaxis. If you notice any signs of an allergic reaction, discontinue use and seek medical help immediately.

Central Nervous System Effects: Mefenamic acid can cause dizziness, headaches, drowsiness, and confusion. These side effects can impair your ability to perform tasks that require alertness, such as driving. It is essential to understand how this medication affects you before engaging in such activities.

Hematological Effects: Mefenamic acid can sometimes affect blood cell counts, leading to conditions such as anemia, leukopenia (reduced white blood cells), and thrombocytopenia (reduced platelets). Symptoms of hematological issues can include unusual bruising or bleeding, persistent infections, and fatigue. Regular blood tests may be required to monitor these effects.

Skin Reactions: Some users may experience skin reactions such as rashes, itching, and photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight). In rare cases, severe skin reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis can occur, which require immediate medical attention.

Other Side Effects: Additional side effects that may occur include tinnitus (ringing in the ears), blurred vision, and edema (swelling due to fluid retention). If you experience any unusual or persistent symptoms while taking mefenamic acid, it is essential to consult your healthcare provider.

In conclusion, while mefenamic acid can be an effective medication for managing pain and inflammation, it is crucial to be aware of its potential side effects. Always discuss your medical history and any concerns with your healthcare provider before starting this medication to ensure it is the right choice for you. Regular monitoring and prompt communication with your healthcare team can help manage and mitigate these risks effectively.