What are the side effects of Trilostane?

Trilostane is a medication most commonly used in veterinary medicine to treat Cushing's syndrome, a condition characterized by excessive cortisol production in dogs. While it can be quite effective in managing the symptoms associated with this condition, it is crucial to be aware of the potential side effects that can accompany its use. In this blog, we will delve into the various side effects of Trilostane, so that pet owners can make informed decisions about their pet's treatment.

Firstly, one of the most common side effects of Trilostane is gastrointestinal upset. This can manifest as vomiting, diarrhea, or a decrease in appetite. These symptoms are generally mild but can be distressing for both the pet and the owner. If these symptoms persist or worsen, it is advisable to consult with a veterinarian.

Another notable side effect is lethargy or a general sense of fatigue. Dogs on Trilostane may appear less energetic or more subdued than usual. While some level of lethargy can be expected as the dog’s body adjusts to the medication, prolonged or severe lethargy should prompt a veterinary consultation.

Trilostane can also affect the adrenal glands, sometimes excessively suppressing cortisol production. This condition, known as hypoadrenocorticism or Addison's disease, can be serious and requires immediate veterinary attention. Symptoms may include weakness, vomiting, diarrhea, and sudden collapse. Regular monitoring of cortisol levels by a veterinarian is essential to avoid this complication.

Electrolyte imbalances are another potential side effect of Trilostane. This medication can alter the levels of sodium and potassium in the blood, leading to symptoms such as muscle weakness, dehydration, and in severe cases, heart issues. Routine blood tests are necessary to ensure electrolyte levels remain within a safe range.

In some cases, Trilostane can cause liver damage. Signs of liver issues may include jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes), dark urine, and pale stools. If any of these symptoms are observed, immediate veterinary intervention is required. Liver function tests should be part of the regular monitoring process for pets on this medication.

Skin reactions are also possible, though less common. Some dogs may develop a rash or experience itching as a result of taking Trilostane. If skin issues arise, discussing them with a veterinarian can help determine whether the medication should be continued or if an alternative treatment should be considered.

Furthermore, some pets may experience a decrease in blood pressure due to Trilostane. Symptoms of low blood pressure may include dizziness, weakness, and fainting. Regular blood pressure monitoring can help manage this risk.

Lastly, Trilostane may have interactions with other medications. It is crucial to inform the veterinarian of all medications and supplements the pet is taking to avoid potential adverse interactions. Certain drugs may either potentiate or diminish the effects of Trilostane, leading to either an exacerbation of side effects or a reduction in its efficacy.

In summary, while Trilostane can be a highly effective treatment for Cushing's syndrome in dogs, it is not without its potential side effects. Gastrointestinal upset, lethargy, adrenal suppression, electrolyte imbalances, liver damage, skin reactions, and changes in blood pressure are among the possible adverse effects. Regular veterinary check-ups and monitoring are essential to ensure the safe and effective use of this medication. Always consult with a veterinarian to discuss any concerns or symptoms that may arise during treatment. By being informed and vigilant, pet owners can help ensure the well-being of their furry companions while managing the symptoms of Cushing's syndrome.