What is the mechanism of Neovasculgen?

Neovasculgen is a groundbreaking therapeutic agent designed to stimulate the growth of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis. This innovative treatment is particularly significant for patients suffering from peripheral artery disease (PAD) and other ischemic conditions where blood flow to tissues is restricted. Understanding the mechanism of Neovasculgen involves delving into its active component, method of administration, and biological processes it triggers.

The active ingredient in Neovasculgen is a plasmid DNA encoding the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene. VEGF is a potent angiogenic factor that plays a critical role in the formation of new blood vessels during both physiological and pathological conditions. In the context of Neovasculgen, the plasmid DNA carrying the VEGF gene is introduced into the patient's body through intramuscular injections.

Once administered, the plasmid DNA is taken up by the cells near the injection site. These cells then use their own cellular machinery to transcribe and translate the VEGF gene, producing the VEGF protein locally. The presence of VEGF protein in the tissue environment initiates a cascade of events leading to angiogenesis.

VEGF operates by binding to specific receptors on the surface of endothelial cells, which are the cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels. The binding of VEGF to its receptors activates several intracellular signaling pathways. One of the primary pathways involves the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, which promotes endothelial cell survival, migration, and differentiation. Concurrently, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is also activated, leading to endothelial cell proliferation.

These signaling events result in the formation of new blood vessel structures. Endothelial cells begin to proliferate and migrate towards the site where the VEGF concentration is highest. As the cells move, they form tubes and then small blood vessels. Over time, these small vessels connect with existing blood vessels, establishing a new network of blood flow. This process not only improves blood supply to ischemic tissues but also enhances the overall tissue function and viability.

The effectiveness of Neovasculgen's mechanism has been demonstrated in clinical studies, where patients receiving the therapy showed significant improvement in symptoms and increased walking distance without pain. These clinical outcomes underscore the therapeutic potential of Neovasculgen in treating PAD and possibly other conditions characterized by poor blood circulation.

In summary, the mechanism of Neovasculgen revolves around the delivery of VEGF gene via plasmid DNA, leading to local production of VEGF protein, which in turn stimulates angiogenesis through activation of endothelial cell receptors and subsequent cellular signaling pathways. This leads to the formation of new blood vessels, ultimately improving blood flow and tissue health in affected areas. As research and development continue, Neovasculgen holds promise for broader applications in regenerative medicine and treatment of various ischemic conditions.