Phagocytosis is an essential immune response where phagocytes consume foreign particles, dead cells, and pathogens like bacteria and viruses.

Pharmacovigilance is the science and practice of monitoring the safety and adverse effects of medications that are prescribed, sold, or otherwise in use.

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are medications that can be purchased and used without a prescription from a healthcare provider.

An orphan drug is a pharmaceutical product that is developed to treat, diagnose, or prevent rare diseases or conditions.

Off-label use is prescribing or administering a drug in a way not formally sanctioned by regulatory bodies like the FDA or EMA, such as for unapproved conditions, age groups, or dosages.

A "blockbuster drug" is a term used in the pharmaceutical industry to describe a medication that is extremely successful in the market, generating significant sales and revenue.

Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that plays a multifaceted role in managing type 2 diabetes and promoting weight loss.

The ClinicalTrials.gov database provides information about clinical trials that are currently recruiting or have recently been completed.

In clinical trials, a placebo is an inactive substance or other intervention that looks the same and tastes the same as the active drug being tested.

In clinical trials, a sham is a procedure or device that looks the same and feels the same as an active treatment being tested but doesn’t actually do anything.

Clinical adverse events (AEs) are any unintended or harmful signs, symptoms, or conditions linked in time to the use of a medical product, regardless of causality.

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is a non-governmental organization dedicated to promoting chemistry-related activities.