Liver Cirrhosis

Rezdiffra becomes the first and only medication approved by the FDA for the treatment of NASH (also known as “MASH”) Accelerated approval was based on Phase 3 data demonstrating that Rezdiffra improved liver fibrosis and resolved NASH in patients with noncirrhotic NASH with moderate to advanced liver fibrosis Rezdiffra prescribing information does not include a liver biopsy requirement for diagnosis Madrigal conference call scheduled for March 14, 2024, at 5:15 pm ET March 14, 2024 -- Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ:MDGL), a biopharmaceutical company focused on delivering novel therapeutics for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted accelerated approval for Rezdiffra (resmetirom) in conjunction with diet and exercise for the treatment of adults with noncirrhotic NASH with moderate to advanced liver fibrosis (consistent with stages F2 to F3 fibrosis). Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in ongoing confirmatory trials. Bill Sibold, Chief Executive Officer of Madrigal, stated, “NASH with moderate to advanced liver fibrosis is a serious and progressive liver disease that, until now, has not had an FDA-approved therapy. The accelerated approval of Rezdiffra is a culmination of more than 15 years of research from our founder Dr. Becky Taub and a small R&D team that took on one of the biggest challenges in drug development. This is a historic moment for the NASH field and represents the best of what our industry is capable of. We’re excited to deliver Rezdiffra to patients in need.” Becky Taub, M.D., the Founder, Chief Medical Officer and President of Research & Development of Madrigal, stated, “Madrigal would like to thank the many patients who made the accelerated approval of Rezdiffra possible by participating in our clinical studies. We believe Rezdiffra will change the treatment paradigm for NASH with moderate to advanced liver fibrosis, giving physicians a liver-directed therapy to help improve fibrosis and resolve NASH before their patients progress to cirrhosis.” Wayne Eskridge, Co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer of the Fatty Liver Foundation, stated, “This is a day of celebration for patients with NASH who have been waiting many years for the first approved therapy. I believe this approval milestone will bring new energy and momentum to the NASH community, accelerating our efforts to improve disease education, build care pathways, and expand investment in NASH research.” Rezdiffra is a once-daily, oral THR-β agonist designed to target key underlying causes of NASH. The accelerated approval of Rezdiffra was based on results from the Phase 3 MAESTRO-NASH trial, which was recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine. MAESTRO-NASH is an ongoing pivotal, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that enrolled 1,759 patients with biopsy-confirmed NASH. Following 52 weeks of treatment, both 100 mg and 80 mg doses of Rezdiffra demonstrated statistically significant improvement compared to placebo on two primary endpoints: NASH resolution (including a reduction in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD] activity score by ≥2 points) with no worsening of fibrosis, and an improvement in fibrosis by at least one stage with no worsening of the NAFLD activity score. Fibrosis improvement and NASH resolution were consistent regardless of age, gender, type 2 diabetes status, or fibrosis stage. The Rezdiffra prescribing information does not include a liver biopsy requirement for diagnosis. The recommended dosage of Rezdiffra is based on actual body weight. For patients weighing Stephen Harrison, M.D., Chairman for both Pinnacle Clinical Research and Summit Clinical Research, San Antonio, Texas, Visiting Professor of Hepatology, Oxford University, and lead Principal Investigator of the MAESTRO studies, commented, “The approval of the first medication for NASH is a true game-changer for healthcare providers, the research community and, most importantly, patients living with this serious liver condition. Based on the robust efficacy and safety data generated in two large Phase 3 MAESTRO studies, I believe Rezdiffra will become the foundational therapy for patients with NASH with moderate to advanced liver fibrosis.” Dr. Harrison continued, “Importantly, we continue to study Rezdiffra to determine if the positive results observed in the MAESTRO studies will lead to reduced risk of progression to cirrhosis, liver failure, need for liver transplant and premature mortality.” MAESTRO-NASH remains ongoing as an outcomes study designed to generate confirmatory data that, if positive, will help verify clinical benefit and may support full approval. A second ongoing outcomes trial is evaluating progression to liver decompensation events in patients with well-compensated NASH cirrhosis treated with Rezdiffra versus placebo. Rezdiffra should not be used in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. The most common adverse reactions reported in patients treated with Rezdiffra included diarrhea, nausea, pruritis, abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and dizziness. Diarrhea and nausea typically began early in treatment initiation and were mild to moderate in severity. A separate, noninvasive Phase 3 trial, MAESTRO-NAFLD-1, evaluated the safety and tolerability of Rezdiffra and contributed to the safety database supporting regulatory benefit-risk assessment. Rezdiffra is expected to be available to patients in the U.S. in April and will be distributed through a limited specialty pharmacy network. Madrigal is committed to helping appropriate patients who may benefit from Rezdiffra access the medication through the Madrigal Patient Support program. This program is designed to help patients navigate insurance and affordability challenges and provide co-pay support for eligible patients. Madrigal has also established a patient assistance program (PAP) to help patients with no insurance access Rezdiffra. Madrigal will host a conference call and webcast today at 5:15 PM ET to discuss the accelerated approval of Rezdiffra. To access the webcast of the call with slides please visit the Investors section of Madrigal’s website or click here. An archived webcast will be available on the Madrigal website after the event. MAESTRO-NASH is an ongoing Phase 3 trial that enrolled 1759 patients with biopsy-confirmed NASH. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive once-daily Rezdiffra at a dose of 80 mg or 100 mg or placebo. The two primary endpoints at week 52 were NASH resolution with no worsening of fibrosis and an improvement in fibrosis by at least one stage with no worsening of the NAFLD activity score. The key secondary endpoint was the percent change from baseline in LDL cholesterol at week 24. Rezdiffra achieved both primary endpoints and the key secondary endpoint of the MAESTRO-NASH trial. Additionally, Rezdiffra improved liver enzymes, fibrosis biomarkers and imaging tests as compared with placebo. The primary results of the trial were published in the New England Journal of Medicine in February 2024. Patients enrolled in the MAESTRO-NASH trial continue on therapy after the initial 52-week treatment period for up to 54 months to accrue and measure hepatic clinical outcome events including progression to cirrhosis on biopsy and hepatic decompensation events, as well as all-cause mortality. The 54-month outcomes portion of the trial is designed to generate confirmatory data that, if positive, will help verify Rezdiffra’s clinical benefit and may support full approval. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a more advanced form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NASH is a leading cause of liver-related mortality and an increasing burden on healthcare systems globally. Additionally, patients with NASH, especially those with more advanced metabolic risk factors (hypertension, concomitant type 2 diabetes), are at increased risk for adverse cardiovascular events and increased morbidity and mortality. Once patients progress to NASH with moderate to advanced liver fibrosis (consistent with stages F2 to F3 fibrosis), the risk of adverse liver outcomes increases dramatically. NASH is rapidly becoming the leading cause of liver transplantation in the U.S. Madrigal estimates that approximately 1.5 million patients have been diagnosed with NASH in the U.S., of which approximately 525,000 have NASH with moderate to advanced liver fibrosis. Madrigal plans to focus on approximately 315,000 diagnosed patients with NASH with moderate to advanced liver fibrosis under the care of the liver specialist physicians during the launch of Rezdiffra. NASH is also known as metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH). In 2023, global liver disease medical societies and patient groups came together to rename the disease, with the goal of establishing an affirmative, non-stigmatizing name and diagnosis. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), NASH was renamed MASH, and an overarching term, steatotic liver disease (SLD), was established to capture multiple types of liver diseases associated with fat buildup in the liver. In addition to liver disease, patients with MASH have at least one related comorbid condition (e.g., obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or type 2 diabetes). What is Rezdiffra? Rezdiffra is a prescribed medicine used along with diet and exercise to treat adults with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with moderate to advanced liver scarring (fibrosis), but not with cirrhosis of the liver. It is not known if Rezdiffra is safe and effective in children (under 18 years old). This indication is approved based on improvement of NASH and liver scarring (fibrosis). There are ongoing studies to confirm the clinical benefit of Rezdiffra. Before you take Rezdiffra, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you: have any liver problems other than NASH. have gallbladder problems or have been told you have gallbladder problems, including gallstones. are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if Rezdiffra will harm your unborn baby. are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if Rezdiffra passes into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby if you take Rezdiffra. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Rezdiffra and other medicines may affect each other, causing side effects. Rezdiffra may affect the way other medicines work, and other medicines may affect how Rezdiffra works. Especially tell your healthcare provider if you take medicines that contain gemfibrozil to help lower your triglycerides, or cyclosporine to suppress your immune system, because Rezdiffra is not recommended in patients taking these medicines. Tell your healthcare provider if you are taking medicines such as clopidogrel to thin your blood or statin medicines to help lower your cholesterol. Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of them to show your healthcare provider and pharmacist when you get a new medicine. What are the possible side effects of Rezdiffra? Rezdiffra may cause serious side effects, including: liver injury (hepatotoxicity). Stop taking Rezdiffra and call your healthcare provider right away if you develop the following signs or symptoms of hepatotoxicity: tiredness, nausea, vomiting, fever, rash, your skin or the white part of your eyes turns yellow (jaundice), pain or tenderness in the upper middle or upper right area of your stomach (abdomen). gallbladder problems. Gallbladder problems such as gallstones, inflammation of the gallbladder, or inflammation of the pancreas from gallstones can occur with NASH and may occur if you take Rezdiffra. Call your healthcare provider right away if you develop any signs or symptoms of these conditions including nausea, vomiting, fever, or pain in your stomach area (abdomen) that is severe and will not go away. The pain may be felt going from your abdomen to your back and the pain may happen with or without vomiting. The most common side effects of Rezdiffra include: diarrhea, nausea, itching, stomach (abdominal) pain, vomiting, dizziness, constipation. These are not all the possible side effects of Rezdiffra. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: MDGL) is a biopharmaceutical company pursuing novel therapeutics for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a liver disease with high unmet medical need. Madrigal’s medication, Rezdiffra (resmetirom), is a once-daily, oral, liver-directed THR-β agonist designed to target key underlying causes of NASH. For more information, visit www.madrigalpharma.com. The content above comes from the network. if any infringement, please contact us to modify.

A chronic metabolic disease in which fat buildup leads to worsening liver function that can ultimately require an organ transplant now has its first FDA-approved therapy, a once-daily pill developed by Madrigal Pharmaceuticals. The FDA decision Thursday is for adults with noncirrhotic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, or NASH. The approval specifically covers those who have reached the point of moderate-to-advanced liver scarring, which is also called fibrosis. The Conshohocken, Pennsylvania-based company’s drug, known in development as resmetirom, will be marketed under the brand name Rezdiffra. “We’ve had patients waiting and waiting for something that could impact underlying fibrosis in the setting of NASH, and this truly represents a milestone achievement that frankly I, and many others, have been working on since the turn of the century,” Steven Harrison, medical director of Pinnacle Clinical Research and the lead investigator for Rezdiffra’s pivotal clinical trial, said during a Madrigal conference call Thursday evening. NASH is sometimes called a “silent disease” because it rarely presents with any symptoms. But the disorder, which much of the liver field is starting to call metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, or MASH, develops over time as the fatty buildup leads to inflammation and fibrosis. Fibrosis is classified according to four stages with stage 4 being liver cirrhosis. Because MASH has no symptoms, its exact prevalence is not known. But the FDA cites an estimate of about 6 to 8 million people in the U.S. who have this disease with moderate to advanced liver scarring. In this range, patients have stage 2 or stage 3 fibrosis. Rezdiffra is a small molecule designed to target and activate a receptor in the liver called thyroid hormone receptor beta (THR-beta). This receptor mediates metabolic activity in the organ, including the lowering of fat levels. The Madrigal molecule selectively activates THR-beta without also activating THR-alpha and sparking safety problems associated with hitting that receptor. Resmetirom was discovered in the labs of Roche; Madrigal licensed global rights to the molecule in 2011 and commenced clinical development. The Phase 3 study’s two main goals were to measure resolution of MASH and to show an improvement in fibrosis by at least one stage with no worsening in score according to a scale used to measure the severity of the liver disorder. In the trial, biopsy-confirmed results showed MASH resolution with no worsening of fibrosis was achieved by 25.9% of those given a low dose of the Madrigal drug and 29.9% of those treated with the high dose. In the placebo arm, 9.7% of patients achieved this goal. Fibrosis improvement by at least one stage was achieved by 24.2% of patients in the low-dose group and 25.9% of patients given the high dose. Just 14.2% of patients who received a placebo met this goal. The side effects reported for Rezdiffra include diarrhea and nausea. Results were published last month in the New England Journal of Medicine. The FDA approval covers three doses of Rezdiffra, which is dosed according to patient weight and is intended to be used alongside diet and exercise. Though the clinical trial enrolled patients whose disease was confirmed by liver biopsy, a biopsy is not a requirement in the drug’s label. Patients will be diagnosed with non-invasive tests, Madrigal CEO Bill Sibold said. In an interview ahead of the Rezdiffra approval announcement, Dr. Lisa Ganjhu, a gastroenterologist and hepatologist at NYU Langone Health, said MASH can be diagnosed as part of routine metabolic tests that are part of a patient’s annual exam. When the tests flag a potential problem with liver or kidney function, the next step could be an ultrasound that spots the fat buildup on the liver. Ganjhu, who was not involved in Rezdiffra’s clinical trials, said not all fatty liver disease turns into fibrosis. But she added that the Madrigal drug is promising for patients because it is the first medication to show it can reverse that scarring. “We really have nothing but diet and exercise for patients right now,” Ganjhu said. “This is something that could get them better from stage 3 [fibrosis] to 2, or stage 2 to 1. Any reduction in fibrosis reduces the risk of developing cirrhosis or other complications down the road.” Leerink Partners analyst Thomas Smith wrote in an investor note that Rezdiffra’s label represents a near best-care scenario for Madrigal. In addition to no liver biopsy requirement, there are no unexpected safety concerns or restrictive warnings. Smith said it remains to be seen whether payers will impose biopsy or monitoring requirements. But he added that Rezdiffra’s approval as the first NASH/MASH therapy reduces risk for entire field, which has seen a long list of companies encounter clinical trial failures and regulatory setbacks. “We consider the approval of the first therapeutic specifically for NASH to significantly derisk the regulatory pathway and establish a precedent for other companies developing therapeutic candidates for the indication,” Smith said. “Moreover, we expect the necessary launch activities of increasing patient awareness, educating physicians, and developing payor agreements that are key to establishing a new commercial market will lay a positive foundation for follow-on companies.” Companies still in the field of NASH/MASH drug development include Viking Therapeutics, whose THR-beta-targeting small molecule is in Phase 2b testing. Those with different approaches to the metabolic disorder include 89bio, Akero Therapeutics, and Sagimet Biosciences. Diabetes and obesity drugs that target the GLP-1 receptor are also showing the potential to treat MASH. Recently, Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly posted encouraging mid-stage data for their respective drugs. NYU Langone’s Ganjhu acknowledged the potential of GLP-1 drugs to treat MASH. But she said that those drugs work by reducing fat overall, while Rezdiffra specifically reduces fat in the liver. Madrigal set an annual wholesale price of $47,400 for Rezdiffra. That’s within the $39,600 to $50,100 price range that drug price group ICER said would be cost-effective. Sibold said Rezdiffra is a high-value medicine addressing a disease that poses a high burden to patients and the healthcare system. In setting the drug’s price, Madrigal aimed to balance value and patient access. The company expects to launch the drug in April, distributing it through a limited specialty pharmacy network. The FDA decision for Rezdiffra is an accelerated approval that requires Madrigal to produce additional data from confirmatory studies. An ongoing outcomes study will serve as that confirmatory study to potentially support full FDA approval of the drug.

SILVER SPRING, Md., March 14, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Rezdiffra (resmetirom) for the treatment of adults with noncirrhotic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with moderate to advanced liver scarring (fibrosis), to be used along with diet and exercise. "Previously, patients with NASH who also have notable liver scarring did not have a medication that could directly address their liver damage," said Nikolay Nikolov, M.D., acting director of the Office of Immunology and Inflammation in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. "Today's approval of Rezdiffra will, for the first time, provide a treatment option for these patients, in addition to diet and exercise." NASH is a result of the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease where liver inflammation, over time, can lead to liver scarring and liver dysfunction. NASH is often associated with other health problems such as high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes. By at least one estimate, approximately 6-8 million people in the U.S. have NASH with moderate to advanced liver scarring, with that number expected to increase. Rezdiffra is a partial activator of a thyroid hormone receptor; activation of this receptor by Rezdiffra in the liver reduces liver fat accumulation. The safety and efficacy of Rezdiffra was evaluated based on an analysis of a surrogate endpoint at month 12 in a 54-month, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The surrogate endpoint measured the extent of liver inflammation and scarring. The sponsor is required to conduct a postapproval study to verify and describe Rezdiffra's clinical benefit, which will be done through completing the same 54-month study, which is still ongoing. To enroll in the trial, patients needed to have a liver biopsy showing inflammation due to NASH with moderate or advanced liver scarring. In the trial, 888 subjects were randomly assigned to receive one of the following: placebo (294 subjects); 80 milligrams of Rezdiffra (298 subjects); or 100 milligrams of Rezdiffra (296 subjects); once daily, in addition to standard care for NASH, which includes counseling for healthy diet and exercise. At 12 months, liver biopsies showed that a greater proportion of subjects who were treated with Rezdiffra achieved NASH resolution or an improvement in liver scarring as compared with those who received the placebo. A total of 26% to 27% of subjects who received 80 milligrams of Rezdiffra and 24% to 36% of subjects who received 100 milligrams of Rezdiffra experienced NASH resolution and no worsening of liver scarring, compared to 9% to 13% of those who received placebo and counseling on diet and exercise. The range of responses reflects different pathologists' readings. In addition, a total of 23% of subjects who received 80 milligrams of Rezdiffra and 24% to 28% of subjects who received 100 milligrams of Rezdiffra experienced an improvement in liver scarring and no worsening of NASH, compared to 13% to 15% of those who received placebo, depending on each pathologist's readings. Demonstration of these changes in a proportion of patients after just one year of treatment is notable, as the disease typically progresses slowly with a majority of patients taking years or even decades to show progression. The most common side effects of Rezdiffra included diarrhea and nausea. Rezdiffra comes with certain warnings and precautions, such as drug-induced liver toxicity and gallbladder-related side effects. Use of Rezdiffra should be avoided in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Patients should stop using Rezdiffra if they develop signs or symptoms of worsening liver function while on Rezdiffra treatment. Using Rezdiffra at the same time as certain other drugs, in particular statins for lowering cholesterol, may result in potentially significant drug interactions. Health care providers should refer to the full prescribing information for additional information on these potentially significant drug interactions with Rezdiffra, recommended dosage and administration modifications. The FDA approved Rezdiffra under the accelerated approval pathway, which allows for earlier approval of drugs that treat serious conditions and address an unmet medical need, based on a surrogate or intermediate clinical endpoint that is reasonably likely to predict clinical benefit. The required aforementioned 54-month study, which is ongoing, will assess clinical benefit after 54 months of Rezdiffra treatment. Rezdiffra received Breakthrough Therapy, Fast Track and Priority Review designations for this indication. The FDA granted the approval of Rezdiffra to Madrigal Pharmaceuticals. Additional resources: NIH: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) & NASH # # # Media Contact: Chanapa Tantibanchachai, 202-384-2219 Consumer Inquiries: Email, 888-INFO-FDA The FDA, an agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, protects the public health by assuring the safety, effectiveness, and security of human and veterinary drugs, vaccines and other biological products for human use, and medical devices. The agency also is responsible for the safety and security of our nation's food supply, cosmetics, dietary supplements, radiation-emitting electronic products, and for regulating tobacco products. SOURCE U.S. Food and Drug Administration