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Last update 08 May 2025

Ethylene glycol poisoning (disorder)

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Anti-freeze poisoning, Antifreeze causing toxic effect, ETHYLENE GLYCOL TOXICITY

+ [6]

Introduction

Ethylene glycol poisoning is a rare poisoning resulting in elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis, due to the production of glycolic acid, glyoxylic acid, and oxalic acid by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in the liver when ethylene glycol is metabolized, characterized initially by euphoria, slurred speech, encephalopathy, coma and seizures, and followed by late manifestations such as tachycardia, arrhythmias, myocardial depression, hemodynamic imbalance and, finally, acute renal failure.

Drugs associated with Ethylene glycol poisoning (disorder)

Fomepizole

Target

ADHs

Mechanism

ADHs inhibitors

Active Org.

SERB SA [+1]

Originator Org.

Paladin Pharma SpA

Active Indication

Ethylene glycol poisoning (disorder) [+2]

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.

United States

First Approval Date04 Dec 1997

Clinical Trials associated with Ethylene glycol poisoning (disorder)

NCT05937412

/ Not yet recruitingNot ApplicableIIT

A Comparative Study Between Honey and Alcohol as Topical Skin Disinfectant

Skin antisepsis is essential in every healthcare environment. Alcohol/chlorhexidine use might disrupt skin microbiota and lead to antibiotic resistance.
This study investigates honey (being natural product with many beneficial therapeutic effects) as topical skin anti-septic agent and compares it with alcohol, in terms of effectiveness and safety.

Start Date30 Aug 2023

Sponsor / Collaborator

Ain Shams University

100 Clinical Results associated with Ethylene glycol poisoning (disorder)

100 Translational Medicine associated with Ethylene glycol poisoning (disorder)

0 Patents (Medical) associated with Ethylene glycol poisoning (disorder)

725

Literatures (Medical) associated with Ethylene glycol poisoning (disorder)

01 May 2025·Transplantation Proceedings

Hypothermic Myocardial Preservation: The Freezing Debate

Article

Author: Labate, Gina ; Quader, Mohammed ; Chen, Qun ; Kiernan, Zachary

BACKGROUNDStorage of hearts in ice for transportation is thought to cause post-transplantation graft dysfunction secondary to freeze injury. We studied the myocardial damage and resulting function in hearts stored at 0 °C, 4 °C and 8 °C for 4 hours.METHODSRat hearts were procured under general anesthesia and immediately stored in University of Wisconsin solution at 0 °C, 4 °C and 8 °C for 4 hours (n = 6-8/group). Hearts were then re-perfused on a Langendorff apparatus for 90 minutes using oxygenated Kreb-Henseleit buffer (37 °C). Functional parameters were recorded via a balloon tip catheter in the left ventricle. Following reperfusion hearts were collected for infarct size quantification using triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. A separate group of hearts (n = 2-3) were similarly stored then studied for ultrastructural and biochemical changes.RESULTSThere were no signs of freeze injury in hearts stored at 0 °C by histologic or biochemical analysis. There was no significant difference in infarct size between hearts stored at 0 °C and 4 °C. Cardiac troponin I level, and left ventricle developed pressure in hearts stored at 0 °C, 4 °C, and 8 °C were comparable (all P > .05).CONCLUSIONHearts stored at 0 °C for 4 hours showed no signs of freeze injury and had similar functional parameters compared to hearts stored at 4 °C or 8 °C.

01 Mar 2025·Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

Suggested guide to using lactate gap as a surrogate marker in the diagnosis of ethylene glycol overdose

Article

Author: Holford, Amanda ; Dimeski, Goce ; Isoardi, Katherine

BackgroundEthylene glycol (EG) poisoning, if not diagnosed rapidly, can lead to poor patient outcomes. Gas chromatography (GC) is primarily used for EG quantitation which is rarely available, and the turn-around time may be prolonged. Most lactate results from point-of-care (POCT) methods are falsely elevated in EG poisoning compared with automated chemistry analyser results. In combination, the lactate gap (POCT-Automated chemistry) can be used as surrogate marker in just about all laboratories to indicate likely EG toxicity and guide treatment.Case ReportA man presented by ambulance to hospital with severe agitation requiring mechanical ventilation to facilitate ongoing management. Venous blood gas analysis confirmed a high anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) with an elevated lactate. The lactate and osmolarity measured in the laboratory showed a normal lactate and high osmolarity, giving a large osmolar gap. The patient was immediately commenced on renal replacement therapy for presumed EG poisoning to minimize kidney injury, and the treatment continued for 19 hours. A very high EG concentration was confirmed by GC the next day.ConclusionAn elevated lactate gap along with a HAGMA and osmolar gap can provide rapid surrogate laboratory data indicating EG poisoning enabling timely treatment and better patient outcomes.

08 Feb 2025·Cureus

Ethylene Glycol Poisoning Complicated by Cardiac Arrest and a Raised Lactate Gap: A Case Report

Article

Author: Sebastian, Roshan ; Sharma, Dhruva

Ethylene glycol, a common component in automotive antifreeze and various household and industrial products, poses significant health risks upon ingestion, whether accidental or intentional. Characterized by severe metabolic acidosis, calcium oxalate crystal formation, and diverse end-organ damage, ethylene glycol toxicity can be fatal, with a potentially lethal dose estimated at 1500 mg/kg. The parent compound is osmotically active, leading to the production of harmful metabolites, such as glycolic and oxalic acids, which contribute to metabolic acidosis, nephrotoxicity, and cardiac toxicity. Acute management strategies involve supportive care, administration of fomepizole as a competitive enzyme inhibitor, and renal elimination through dialysis. Furthermore, the lactate gap serves as an important diagnostic tool in ethylene glycol poisoning, highlighting discrepancies between measured and expected lactate levels, which can indicate metabolic acidosis and tissue hypoperfusion. We present a case of ethylene glycol poisoning complicated by cardiac arrest in spite of initiating treatment and the possible use of the lactate gap to predict severity.

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Ethylene glycol poisoning (disorder)

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