Bisphosphonates are drugs used for the prevention and treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis, Paget’s disease, metastasis of cancers, and hypercalcemia. They work in a relatively complex way by interfering with cells that form and break down bone. Bisphosphonates remain attached to the bone for a long time after they are taken, and decrease significantly the bone’s ability to remodel and heal after injuries.1 There are many types of bisphosphonates available, including nitrogenous, nonnitrogenous, intravenous, and oral presentations. Examples of bisphosphonates on the market include Actonel (risedronate), Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Aredia (pamidronate), Novartis Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp., East Hanover, NJ, USA; Boniva (ibandronate), Roche Therapeutics, Inc., Nutley, NJ, USA; Didronel (etidronate), Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals; Fosamax (alendronate), Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA; Skelid (tiludronate); Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY, USA; and Zometa (zoledronate), Novartis Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.2 HOW DO THEY AFFECT YOUR ORAL HEALTH?