Author: Polanco, Laura C. ; Sakharkar, Mrunal ; Ulrich, Rainer G. ; Herbert, Andrew S. ; Slough, Megan M. ; Dye, John M. ; O’Brien, Cecilia M. ; Wec, Anna Z. ; Walker, Laura M. ; Abelson, Dafna M. ; Bornholdt, Zachary A. ; Bakken, Russell R. ; Forsell, Mattias N. E. ; Jangra, Rohit K. ; Guardado-Calvo, Pablo ; Serris, Alexandra ; Mittler, Eva ; Geoghegan, James C. ; Bradfute, Steven B. ; Tynell, Janne ; Strandin, Tomas ; Vapalahti, Olli ; Chandran, Kartik ; Wigren-Byström, Julia ; Pehau-Arnaudet, Gerard ; Ahlm, Clas ; Rey, Felix A. ; Keller, Markus ; Zeitlin, Larry

The rodent-borne hantavirus Puumala virus (PUUV) and related agents cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. Other hantaviruses, including Andes virus (ANDV) and Sin Nombre virus, cause a distinct zoonotic disease, hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). Although these infections are severe and have substantial case fatality rates, no FDA-approved hantavirus countermeasures are available. Recent work suggests that monoclonal antibodies may have therapeutic utility. We describe here the isolation of human neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against tetrameric Gn/Gc glycoprotein spikes from PUUV-experienced donors. We define a dominant class of nAbs recognizing the “capping loop” of Gn that masks the hydrophobic fusion loops in Gc. A subset of nAbs in this class, including ADI-42898, bound Gn/Gc complexes but not Gn alone, strongly suggesting that they recognize a quaternary epitope encompassing both Gn and Gc. ADI-42898 blocked the cell entry of seven HCPS- and HFRS-associated hantaviruses, and single doses of this nAb could protect Syrian hamsters and bank voles challenged with the highly virulent HCPS-causing ANDV and HFRS-causing PUUV, respectively. ADI-42898 is a promising candidate for clinical development as a countermeasure for both HCPS and HFRS, and its mode of Gn/Gc recognition informs the development of broadly protective hantavirus vaccines.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Hantavirus Infections	Preclinical	FR	Institut Pasteur	16 Mar 2022
Hantavirus Infections	Preclinical	US	Invivyd, Inc.	16 Mar 2022
Hantavirus Infections	Preclinical	US	Adimab LLC	16 Mar 2022
Hantavirus Infections	Preclinical	US	Mapp Biopharmaceutical, Inc.	16 Mar 2022
Hantavirus Infections	Preclinical	US	Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Inc.	16 Mar 2022

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