A Phase 3, Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Study of Safety and Efficacy of SkQ1 Ophthalmic Solution in the Environment and the Controlled Adverse Environmental (CAE®) Model for the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether SkQ1 Ophthalmic Solution is safe and effective compared to Vehicle for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of dry eye syndrome.

Start Date20 Dec 2019

Sponsor / Collaborator

Mitotech SA

[+1]

NCT03764735

/ CompletedPhase 3

A Phase 3, Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of SkQ1 Ophthalmic Solution for the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether SkQ1 ophthalmic solutions are safe and effective compared to placebo for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of dry eye syndrome.

Start Date06 Dec 2018

Sponsor / Collaborator

Mitotech SA

[+1]

NCT02121301

/ CompletedPhase 2

Phase 2, Single-Center, Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of SkQ1 Ophth Sol'n in the Environment and During Challenge in the Controlled Adverse Environment (CAE) Model for the Treatment of DES

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether SkQ1 ophthalmic solutions are safe and effective compared to placebo for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of dry eye syndrome.

Start Date01 Apr 2014

Sponsor / Collaborator

Mitotech SA

[+1]

100 Clinical Results associated with Plastoquinonyl decyl triphenylphosphonium

100 Translational Medicine associated with Plastoquinonyl decyl triphenylphosphonium

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Plastoquinonyl decyl triphenylphosphonium

249

Literatures (Medical) associated with Plastoquinonyl decyl triphenylphosphonium

01 Jul 2025·BIOCHIMIE

Divergent ferroptotic pathways in breast cancer cells: IGFBP6-regulated mitochondrial lipid peroxidation under erastin and omega-3 DHA treatment

Article

Author: Nikulin, Sergey ; Razumovskaya, Alexandra ; Fatkulin, Artem ; Averinskaya, Darya ; Kolodeeva, Oksana ; Kolodeeva, Olga ; Silkina, Mariia ; Tonevitsky, Alexander ; Kulagin, Timur ; Olkhovik, Darya ; Klycheva, Karina

Breast cancer remains a major challenge and new therapeutic approaches are needed for its treatment. Ferroptosis is considered a promising alternative cell death mechanism to eliminate resistant cancer cells. In previous works, we identified that lower IGFBP6 gene expression in tumor tissue corresponds to a worse prognosis for breast cancer patients and, at the same, time makes them more sensitive to ferroptosis. In this study, we further investigated the mechanism of ferroptosis induction in IGFBP6 knockdown and control MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by the canonical ferroptosis inducer erastin and omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Our results indicate that there is a significant overlap between the mechanisms of action of both of these molecules, as they regulate the same subset of genes, and their action can be inhibited by canonical ferroptosis inhibitors. On the other hand, we also observed significant differences between the effects of erastin and DHA. The most notable of these are the additional activation of apoptosis-related genes by DHA and its minor peroxidation of mitochondrial lipid membranes. Interestingly, our kinetic analysis of ferroptosis induction showed that IGFBP6 knockdown cells began to die earlier and could hardly be rescued from erastin-induced ferroptosis by mitochondrial antioxidant SkQ1, in contrast to control cells. Overall, our data suggest that the action of DHA is less dependent on mitochondrial membrane peroxidation during ferroptosis induction, and this molecule can be a promising candidate for the treatment of breast cancer, especially in the case of reduced IGFBP6 gene expression in cancer cells.

01 May 2025·METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL

Ceramides increase mitochondrial permeabilization to trigger mtDNA-dependent inflammation in astrocytes during brain ischemia

Article

Author: Pan, An ; Qi, Lian-Wen ; Huang, Feng-Qing ; Liu, Shi-Jia ; Wang, Hong-Fei ; Alolga, Raphael N ; Liu, Peian ; Ma, Gaoxiang ; Yang, Tong ; Liu, Baolin ; Yang, Dai

The brain is rich in lipids, and disorders or abnormalities in lipid metabolism can induce neurotoxicity. Ceramides are the central intermediates of sphingolipid metabolism. This study was designed to investigate the potential lipotoxicity of ceramides in brain ischemia. First, a pseudo-targeted lipidomics analysis of plasma samples from stroke patients found significantly elevated levels of long-chain ceramides. A similar observation was made in mice subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) surgery. In cultured cells, it was found that the altered ceramides were mainly derived from astrocytes via de novo pathway, and SPTLC2 was a key regulator because Sptlc2 knockdown largely blocked ceramide production. Ceramides induced astrocyte activation and triggered oxidative stress to impair mitochondrial homeostasis by increasing mitochondrial permeabilization. Moreover, ceramides triggered the formation of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) oligomers in the mitochondrial outer membrane, through which mtDNA was released into the cytoplasm. Similar to oxygen and glucose depletion treatment, ceramides also increased cGAS activity and STING protein expression. However, this activity was diminished in the presence of the mitochondrial ROS scavenger SKQ1, indicating the involvement of oxidative stress in ceramide action. By facilitating cGAS/STING signaling cascades, ceramides resultantly induced interferon response to aggravate inflammatory damage in the ischemic brain. To address the impact of ceramides on brain ischemic injury in vivo, ceramide generation was blocked in the brain by injection of AAV9-Sptlc2 shRNA in pMCAO mice. Sptlc2 knockdown in the brain reduced ceramide generation and attenuated brain ischemic damage with astrocyte inactivation. As expected, Sptlc2 deficiency effectively blocked cGAS/STING pathway-dependent interferon responses. Together, these findings suggest a new therapeutic strategy for pharmacological intervention to attenuate neuroinflammation.

17 Mar 2025·Current Molecular Pharmacology

The Mitochondrial Targeting Drug SkQ1 Attenuates the Progression of Post- Traumatic Osteoarthritis through Suppression of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress

Article

Author: Wang, Peng-Cheng ; Zhi, Zhen-Ya

Background::

Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) constitutes a distinct subtype of osteoarthritis (OA). Despite extensive research, no effective pharmacological intervention has been established to prevent or halt the progression of PTOA. Current therapeutic approaches are primarily limited to symptomatic management and pain relief. SkQ1, a novel mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent due to its dual capacity to scavenge excessive intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulate inflammatory responses.

Objective::

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of SkQ1 in the early stages of PTOA and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods::

Chondrocytes were cultured under varying concentrations of SkQ1 to evaluate its cytotoxicity. Additionally, an in vitro oxidative stress model was established to assess the antioxidant effects of SkQ1 across different concentration levels, from which the optimal concentration for PTOA treatment was determined. The rat PTOA model was established through medial meniscal tear (MMT) surgery, followed by intra-articular administration of SkQ1 postoperatively. The gait characteristics of rats in each group were assessed biweekly following surgery. Outcome measures were evaluated at 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively, including pathological evaluation of knee cartilage, ROS levels, markers of oxidative damage, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and apoptosis-related cytokines.

Results::

In vitro, lower concentrations of SkQ1 (500 nM) exhibited superior antioxidant efficacy while minimizing cytotoxicity. The results indicated that SkQ1 administration significantly enhanced knee joint functionality and mitigated articular cartilage degeneration in both the acute and subacute phases of PTOA by inhibiting oxidative stress pathways. In a rat model of PTOA, SkQ1 not only alleviated gait abnormalities, but also substantially reduced levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, including ROS, MDA, and 8-OHdG. Furthermore, SkQ1 effectively preserved mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial DNA copy number. Mechanistically, SkQ1 inhibited the release of cytochrome C (Cyt-C) and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and downregulated key components of the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway, such as Bax, Bak, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9.

Conclusion::

The findings suggested that SkQ1 exerts its therapeutic effects via multiple mechanisms, including the reduction of ROS accumulation, mitigation of oxidative damage, preservation of mitochondrial function, and inhibition of apoptotic pathways. These diverse actions position SkQ1 as a promising disease-modifying agent for PTOA treatment, potentially offering benefits that extend beyond those provided by current symptomfocused therapies.

News (Medical) associated with Plastoquinonyl decyl triphenylphosphonium

23 May 2023

·www.prnewswire.com

DelveInsight Evaluates a Robust Dry Eye Disease Clinical Trial Pipeline as 60+ Influential Pharma Players to Set Foot in the Domain

The prevalence of dry eye disease has been rising over the past few years, which prompts the growing demand for treatment options. The increasing prevalence of dry eye disease and the growing research and development activities to develop novel therapies to treat dry eye disease to drive the market. The companies developing the potential therapies in the last stage of development include Aldeyra Therapeutics, RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals, Mitotech, and several others. LAS VEGAS, May 23, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- DelveInsight's ' Dry Eye Disease Pipeline Insight – 2023 ' report provides comprehensive global coverage of pipeline dry eye disease therapies in various stages of clinical development, major pharmaceutical companies working to advance the pipeline space, and the future growth potential of the dry eye disease pipeline domain. Key Takeaways from the Dry Eye Disease Pipeline Report DelveInsight's dry eye disease pipeline report depicts a robust space with 50+ active players working to develop 60+ pipeline therapies for dry eye disease treatment. Key dry eye disease companies such as TearSolutions, Novaliq, HanAll Biopharma, Aldeyra Therapeutics, RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals, Mitotech, Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Azura Ophthalmics, Stuart Therapeutics, Surface Ophthalmics, Glaukos Corporation, BRIM Biotechnology Inc., Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Okyo Pharma Ltd, AxeroVision, Inc., Palatin Technologies, Seikagaku Corporation, Invirsa, Inc., Allysta Pharmaceutical, Taejoon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ocular Therapeutix, Inc., Dreamhawk Vision Biotech, Inc., Yuyu Pharma, Inc., Novartis Pharmaceuticals, VivaVision Biotech, Inc, Huons Co., Ltd., and others are evaluating new dry eye disease drugs to improve the treatment landscape. Promising dry eye disease pipeline therapies in various stages of development include Reproxalap, Timbetasin, Visomitin, HL036, CyclASol, Lacripep, AR15512, AZR MD 001, ST-100, SURF-100, SURF-200, GLK-301, BRM421, Oxervate, OK-101, AXR 159, AXR 270, PL9643, SI-614, INV-102, ALY688, TJO-083, OTX-CSI, OTX-DED, SHJ002, YP-P10, ECF843, VVN001, HU007 and others. In March 2023, Selagine, Inc., a spin-out company from the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), announced that it has entered into a research, development, and sublicense agreement with Grifols (Nasdaq: GRFS), a global leader in plasma-derived medicines, for the development and commercialization of immunoglobulin eye drops for dry eye disease.Under the agreement, Selagine will receive an upfront payment and annual collaboration fee. In addition, Grifols has committed to fund the development of immunoglobulin eye drops through FDA approval, which will be managed collaboratively by Grifols and Selagine, including the clinical, manufacturing and regulatory activities required for FDA approval for dry eye disease indication. In February 2023, Aldeyra Therapeutics, Inc. announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted the New Drug Application (NDA) for topical ocular reproxalap, a first-in-class investigational new drug candidate, for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of dry eye disease. The FDA assigned a Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) date of November 23, 2023. The FDA noted that no potential filing review issues have been identified, and that an advisory committee meeting is not currently planned. In February 2023, Novaliq, announced its plans for filing a Marketing Authorisation Application (MAA) for CyclASol® (ciclosporin ophthalmic solution), a first-of-its-kind anti-inflammatory product for the treatment of dry eye disease (DED) in the European Union. The Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) determined that CyclASol® is eligible to be reviewed in a centralized procedure to receive a Union Marketing Authorisation for the European Economic Area (EEA). In January 2023, Bausch + Lomb Corporation and Novaliq GmbH, announced that Ophthalmology, the peer-reviewed journal of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, has published results from the pivotal Phase 3 trial GOBI, which is one of two pivotal Phase 3 trials for NOV03 (perfluorohexyloctane). NOV03 is being investigated to treat the signs and symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) associated with Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).In the study, NOV03 was well tolerated with few subjects experiencing ocular adverse events (AEs) (9.6% NOV03 group, 7.5% control group) or treatment-related ocular AEs (6.3% NOV03 group, 3.1% control group). In August 2022, Alcon and Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the companies have entered into a definitive merger agreement through which Alcon acquired Aerie. The transaction affirmed Alcon's commitment to the ophthalmic pharmaceutical space and is expected to add broader pharmaceutical R&D capabilities to Alcon's existing commercial expertise, maximizing the value of its diversified portfolio. Through the transaction, Alcon added the commercial products Rocklatan® (netarsudil and latanoprost ophthalmic solution) 0.02%/0.005% and Rhopressa® (netarsudil ophthalmic solution) 0.02%, as well as AR-15512, a Phase 3 product candidate for dry eye disease, and a pipeline of several clinical and preclinical ophthalmic pharmaceutical product candidates. In May 2022, Yuyu Pharmaceutical presented a poster study for YP-P10, its new dry eye syndrome treatment, during the 2022 ARVO (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology) conference. YP-P10 is a new biopharmaceutical using synthetic peptides, aiming to relieve signs and symptoms of dry eye syndrome caused by inflammation by administering the treatment twice a day. According to preclinical trial results unveiled at the conference, Yuyu confirmed that the candidate had an excellent anti-inflammatory mechanism and corneal epithelial cell healing effect compared to existing drugs. Request a sample and discover the recent advances in dry eye disease drug treatment @ Dry Eye Disease Pipeline Report The dry eye disease pipeline report provides detailed profiles of pipeline assets, a comparative analysis of clinical and non-clinical stage dry eye disease drugs, inactive and dormant assets, a comprehensive assessment of driving and restraining factors, and an assessment of opportunities and risks in the dry eye disease clinical trial landscape. Dry Eye Disease Overview Dry eye disease is characterized as a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface that causes symptoms such as pain, visual disruption, and tear film instability, as well as potential ocular surface damage. It is accompanied by increased tear osmolarity and transient ocular surface irritation. When tear production and drainage are out of balance, dry eyes can result. People with dry eyes either do not produce enough tears or have poor-quality tears. Dry eyes can occur for various reasons, including age, gender, drugs, and medical disorders. Dry eye disease symptoms include redness, stinging, itching, or burning sensations, light sensitivity, watery eyes, stringy mucus near the eye, and blurred vision. A thorough eye examination can detect dry eyes. Dry eye disease treatments seek to restore or maintain the usual number of tears in the eye in order to reduce dryness and associated discomfort and to maintain eye health. The basic approaches used to manage and treat dry eyes include adding tears with over-the-counter artificial tear solutions, conserving tears, boosting tear production, and treating the inflammation of the eyelids or eye surface that contributes to dry eyes. Find out more about drugs for dry eye disease @ New Dry Eye Disease Drugs A snapshot of the Dry Eye Disease Pipeline Drugs mentioned in the report: Learn more about the emerging dry eye disease pipeline therapies @ Dry Eye Disease Clinical Trials Dry Eye Disease Therapeutics Assessment The dry eye disease pipeline report proffers an integral view of dry eye disease emerging novel therapies segmented by stage, product type, molecule type, mechanism of action, and route of administration. Scope of the Dry Eye Disease Pipeline Report Coverage: Global Dry Eye Disease Therapeutic Assessment By Product Type: Mono, Combination, Mono/Combination Dry Eye Disease Therapeutic Assessment By Clinical Stages: Discovery, Pre-clinical, Phase I, Phase II, Phase III Dry Eye Disease Therapeutics Assessment By Route of Administration: Intra-articular, Intraocular, Intrathecal, Intravenous, Ophthalmic, Oral, Parenteral, Subcutaneous, Topical, Transdermal Dry Eye Disease Therapeutics Assessment By Molecule Type: Oligonucleotide, Peptide, Small molecule Dry Eye Disease Therapeutics Assessment By Mechanism of Action: Malondialdehyde inhibitors, Actin modulators, Amyloid inhibitors, Angiogenesis inducing agents, Apoptosis inhibitors, Cell movement activators, Collagen stimulants, Heat-shock protein modulators, MicroRNA modulators, Nerve growth factor stimulants, NF-kappa B inhibitors, Stem cell stimulants, Antioxidants, Electron transport chain complex protein modulators, Lipid modulators, Tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors, Eye protein modulators, TRPM8 protein stimulants, Glucocorticoid receptor agonists, Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitors, Muscarinic receptor agonists Key Dry Eye Disease Companies: TearSolutions, Novaliq, HanAll Biopharma, Aldeyra Therapeutics, RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals, Mitotech, Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Azura Ophthalmics, Stuart Therapeutics, Surface Ophthalmics, Glaukos Corporation, BRIM Biotechnology Inc., Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Okyo Pharma Ltd, AxeroVision, Inc., Palatin Technologies, Seikagaku Corporation, Invirsa, Inc., Allysta Pharmaceutical, Taejoon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ocular Therapeutix, Inc., Dreamhawk Vision Biotech, Inc., Yuyu Pharma, Inc., Novartis Pharmaceuticals, VivaVision Biotech, Inc, Huons Co., Ltd., and others. Key Dry Eye Disease Pipeline Therapies: Reproxalap, Timbetasin, Visomitin, HL036, CyclASol, Lacripep, AR15512, AZR MD 001, ST-100, SURF-100, SURF-200, GLK-301, BRM421, Oxervate, OK-101, AXR 159, AXR 270, PL9643, SI-614, INV-102, ALY688, TJO-083, OTX-CSI, OTX-DED, SHJ002, YP-P10, ECF843, VVN001, HU007, and others. Dive deep into rich insights for new drugs for dry eye disease treatment; visit @ Dry Eye Disease Medications Table of Contents For further information on the dry eye disease pipeline therapeutics, reach out @ Dry Eye Disease Drug Treatment Related Reports Dry Eye Disease Market Dry Eye Disease Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2032 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the market trends, market drivers, market barriers, and key dry eye disease companies, including Oyster Point Pharma, Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Azura Ophthalmics, Stuart Therapeutics, Surface Ophthalmics, Glaukos Corporation, among others. Dry Eye Disease Epidemiology Forecast Dry Eye Disease Epidemiology Forecast – 2032 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, and dry eye disease epidemiology trends. Mild Dry Eye Market Mild Dry Eye Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2032 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the market trends, market drivers, market barriers, and key mild dry eye companies, including Allergan Plc., Novartis AG., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Santen Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., among others. Moderate Dry Eye Market Moderate Dry Eye Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2032 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the market trends, market drivers, market barriers, and key moderate dry eye companies, including Santen Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., OASIS Medical, Alcon Inc., Bausch Health Companies Inc., AbbVie Inc., among others. About DelveInsight DelveInsight is a leading Business Consultant and Market Research firm focused exclusively on life sciences. It supports pharma companies by providing comprehensive end-to-end solutions to improve their performance. Get hassle-free access to all the healthcare and pharma market research reports through our subscription-based platform PharmDelve . Contact Us Shruti Thakur [email protected] +1(919)321-6187 Logo: SOURCE DelveInsight Business Research, LLP

Phase 3Clinical ResultAcquisition

100 Deals associated with Plastoquinonyl decyl triphenylphosphonium

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
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R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Xerophthalmia	Russia	-	01 Jul 2012

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Dry Eye Syndromes	Phase 3	United States	Mitotech SA	27 Oct 2018
Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber	Phase 2	Russia	Mitotech LLC	31 Dec 2018
Dysequilibrium Syndrome	Phase 2	United States	Mitotech SA	01 Apr 2014
Kerato conjunctivitis sicca	Phase 2	United States	Mitotech SA	01 Apr 2014
Glaucoma	Phase 1	United States	Mitotech SA	30 Jan 2022
Dystrophy, Macular	Phase 1	United States	Mitotech LLC	07 Dec 2018
Uveitis	Phase 1	United States	Mitotech LLC	16 Nov 2018
Tuberculosis	Preclinical	China	Huazhong Agricultural University	14 Dec 2023
Acute Kidney Injury	Preclinical	United States	Mitotech LLC	20 Nov 2018
Barth Syndrome	Preclinical	United States	Mitotech LLC	-

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


ARVO2022	Not Applicable	Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber mitochondrial optic neuropathy \| LHON-related mutations in mtDNA	43	Visomitin (SkQ1 ophthalmic solution)	tceosnllju(jdzxxrqlcm) = lgtdgjxdpb nnncjuyzwa (kfhvdqcewf )	Positive	01 May 2022
NCT04206020 (VISTA-2, CTgov)	Phase 3	Dry Eye Syndromes	610	SkQ1 Vehicle Solution	bxdsovurob(pmbxujfdid) = mfflqxxlrv ohhvpadqkt (aalqdapouu, 1.36) View more	-	19 Jan 2022
NCT03764735 (VISTA-1, CTgov)	Phase 3	Dry Eye Syndromes	452	SkQ1 (Vehicle) (SkQ1 Vehicle)	jgyzgghgah(qhmfjshhos) = hkxorqsejl hecgljcqsm (hrgkubzbpq, 0.773) View more	-	19 Jan 2022
				Low Dose - SkQ1 (Low Dose - SkQ1)	jgyzgghgah(qhmfjshhos) = btoqifdeqj hecgljcqsm (hrgkubzbpq, 0.816) View more
NCT04206020 (VISTA-2, NEWS) Manual	Phase 3	Dry Eye Syndromes	610	SkQ1	urbojmostz(uknqkmuoak) = Showed a statistically significant clearance of central fluorescein staining htvzvkuqhr (oyfvdcgfqp ) View more	Positive	24 Feb 2021
				Vehicle
NCT02121301 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Kerato conjunctivitis sicca \| Dysequilibrium Syndrome	91	Low Dose 0.155µg/mL SkQ1 ophthalmic solution (Low Dose SkQ1)	jdhgyxhbmp(xobahaipkf) = uxrphsvpxx vdyddfaxva (fiaisijopy, 0.675) View more	-	14 Oct 2020
				High Dose 1.55µg/mL SkQ1 ophthalmic solution (High Dose SkQ1)	jdhgyxhbmp(xobahaipkf) = bxmayocoqc vdyddfaxva (fiaisijopy, 0.704) View more

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