Delving into the Latest Updates on Hydrocortisone/Benzocaine/Bismuth Subgallate/Benzalkonium Chloride with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

Bismuth subgallate, basic bismuth 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate, gallic acid bismuth basic salt

+ [1]

Target

GR x Nav1.8

Mechanism

GR agonists(Glucocorticoid receptor agonists), Nav1.8 blockers(Sodium channel protein type X alpha subunit blockers)

Therapeutic Areas

Cardiovascular DiseasesDigestive System Disorders

Active Indication

Fissure in AnoHemorrhoids

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization

Chemo Ibérica SA

Active Organization

Chemo Ibérica SA

Inactive Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

TR (01 Aug 1997),

Fissure in AnoHemorrhoids

Regulation-

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Structure

Molecular FormulaC7H5BiO6

InChIKeyJAONZGLTYYUPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K

CAS Registry99-26-3

View All Structures (4)

Oxidative stress caused by pollution and lifestyle changes causes an excess of free radicals that react chemically with cell constituents leading to irreversible damage. There are molecules known as antioxidants that reduce the levels of free radicals. Some pigments of fruits and vegetables known as anthocyanins have antioxidant properties. Their interaction with the cell membrane becomes a crucial step in studying these substances. In this research, molecular dynamics simulations, particularly, coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) were used. This technique aims to replace functional groups with corresponding beads that represent their level of polarity and affinities to other chemical groups. Also, umbrella sampling was carried out to obtain free energy profiles that describe well the orientation and location of antioxidants in a membrane considering Trolox, Cyanidin, Gallic Acid, and Resveratrol molecules to study the structural effects they cause on it. It was concluded in this study that an antioxidant when crossing the membrane does not cause either damage to the structural properties or the loss of packing and stratification of phospholipids. it was also observed that the most reactive part of the molecules could easily approach area A prone to lipid oxidation, which can describe the antioxidant capacity of these molecules.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

01 Nov 2024·Environmental Toxicology

GSK‐3β/Notch‐1 Activation Promotes Radiation‐Induced Renal Damage: The Role of Gallic Acid in Mitigation of Nephrotoxicity

Article

Author: Abdel‐Naby, Doaa H. ; Abd El‐Rahman, Sahar S. ; El‐Sheikh, Marwa M. ; El‐Hamoly, Tarek

ABSTRACTDespite the therapeutic advances in treating malignancies, the efficient radiotherapeutic approaches with deprived adverse reactions still represent a potential clinical inquiry. The current study aims to elucidate the role of gallic acid (GA) in modifying the hazardous renal cytotoxicity induced by acute exposure to radiation. The MTT test was used to evaluate the viability of Vero cells exposed to 2 Gy gamma radiation with or without incubation of GA. In an in vivo model, male Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups (n = 6): Control, Irradiated (IRR, 5 Gy), GA (100 mg/kg, i.p.) + IRR, and Glycogen synthase kinase inhibitor (GSKI, 3 mg/kg, i.p.) + IRR. Based on the MTT toxicity assay, from 0 and up to 5 μM dosages of GA did not demonstrate any cytotoxicity to Vero cells. The optimal GA dose that could protect the cells from radiation was 5 μM. Furthermore, GA exerted a protective effect from gamma radiation on renal tissue as indicated by corrected renal functions, decreased LDH level in serum, and balanced oxidative status, which is indicated by decreased tissue contents of NOx and TBARS with a significant increase of reduced GSH. These outcomes were inferred by the upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression. The overall molecular impact of radiation in damaging the renal tissue may be explained by modifying the upstream AKT activity and its downstream targets GSK‐3β/Notch‐1. Here, we concluded that the anticipated adverse reaction in the course of radiation exposure could be protected by daily administration of GA.

01 Nov 2024·Food Chemistry

A new plant-based probiotic from juá: Source of phenolics, fibers and antioxidant properties

Article

Author: da Silva Campelo Borges, Graciele ; Fernandes, Flávio Gomes ; Magnani, Marciane ; Dos Santos Lima, Marcos ; da Costa, Whyara Karoline Almeida ; de Lima Costa, Igor Henrique

The objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of juá pulp for fermentation by monoculture L. casei (Lc - 01) and L. acidophilus (La - 05) and co-culture (25 and 37 °C) for 72 h. Viable strain values (> 7 log CFU/g), pH reduction (below 3.7), fructose and glucose and increased of lactic acid showed that the pulp of juá served as a good matrix for fermentation. Catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin procyanidin B1, and gallic acid were the main phenolics that contributed to antioxidant activity. Fermentation by mono or co-culture increased or reduced the content of phenolics and antioxidant activity. Results showed that culture, time and temperature have effects in the fermentation of juá pulp. The co-cultivation of La - 05 + Lc - 01 contributed to improving the bioaccessibility of gallic acid (72.9%) of the jua pulp. Finding indicate juá pulp as a promising substrate to obtaining a new probiotic plant-based fermented beverage.

100 Deals associated with Hydrocortisone/Benzocaine/Bismuth Subgallate/Benzalkonium Chloride

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