Delving into the Latest Updates on Flutrimazole with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

Flusporan, Flutrimazole (INN), Flutrimazole Topical

+ [7]

Target

fungal CYP51A1

Mechanism

fungal CYP51A1 inhibitors(Fungal CYP51A1 inhibitors)

Therapeutic Areas

Infectious DiseasesSkin and Musculoskeletal Diseases

Active Indication

Tinea PedisTinea VersicolorMycoses

Inactive Indication

Candidiasis, Cutaneous

Originator Organization-

Active Organization

Jiangsu Farever Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Noucor Health SA

IlYang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Inactive Organization

Jiangsu Nhwa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Kaifeng Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd.

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

ES (10 Mar 1995),

Mycoses

Regulation-

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Structure

Molecular FormulaC22H16F2N2

InChIKeyQHMWCHQXCUNUAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry119006-77-8

α-Triaryl amines have been used as pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical intermediates for antifungal and anticancer applications. Current methods to synthesize such compounds require at least two steps, and no direct amination of tertiary alcohols has been reported. Herein, we disclose efficient catalytic conditions for the direct amination of α-triaryl alcohols to access α-triaryl amines. VO(OⁱPr)₃, a commercially available reagent, has been identified as an effective catalyst for the direct amination of several α-triaryl alcohols. This process is scalable, as demonstrated by a gram-scale synthesis, and the reaction still works at as low as a 0.01 mol % catalyst loading with the turnover number reaching 3900. Moreover, commercial pharmaceuticals including clotrimazole and flutrimazole have been successfully prepared rapidly and efficiently using this newly developed method.

01 Jun 2017·European review for medical and pharmacological sciences

Sensitive and selective LC-MS/MS assay for quantitation of flutrimazole in human plasma.

Article

Author: Zhang, N-S ; Ju, W-Z ; Liu, S-J ; Shen, L ; Dai, G-L ; Chen, X-H ; Li, C-Y ; Zou, C

OBJECTIVEA highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the determination of flutrimazole in human plasma. This study was to investigate the application of sensitive and selective LC-MS/MS method for quantitation of flutrimazole in human plasma.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe analysis and internal standard were extracted with ether and hexane (v:v, 1:1) followed by a rapid isocratic elution with a 0.1% formic acid/methanol (v:v, 20:80) on a C18 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm I.D.) and subsequent analysis by mass spectrometry in the multi-reaction-monitoring mode. The precursor to production transitions of m/z 279.0 → 183.1 and m/z 441.0 → 295.1 were used to measure the analyte and the internal standard.RESULTSThe assay was linear over the concentration range of 0.996-99.6 ng•mL-1 for flutrimazole in human plasma. The lower limit of quantification was 0.996 ng•mL-1 and the extraction recovery was larger than 78.83% for flutrimazole. The inter- and intra-day precision of the method at three concentrations was less than 9.26%.CONCLUSIONSThe LC-MS/MS method was firstly applied to quantitation of flutrimazole in human plasma.

01 Jan 2014·Annals of DermatologyQ4 · MEDICINE

Updated Diagnosis Criteria for Confluent and Reticulated Papillomatosis: A Case Report

Q4 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Park, Hyun Sun ; Cho, Soyun ; Yoon, Hyun-Sun ; Jo, Seongmoon

Dear Editor: Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CRP), a rare skin disorder of unknown etiology, is characterized by hyperkeratotic papules confluent in the central area and reticulated hyperpigmented patch in the peripheral area1. Since Gougerot and Carteud first identified CRP in 1927, this disease has been diagnosed by using clinical courses, histological findings, and treatment results. However, other diseases, such as fungal infection or other pigmentary skin diseases, were frequently misdiagnosed as CRP because of the lack of diagnostic criteria for CRP. Therefore, Davis et al.1 proposed the diagnostic criteria for CRP on the basis of a study on 39 patients, as follows: (i) clinical findings of scaly brown macules and patches, with at least some appearing reticulated and papillomatous; (ii) involvement of the upper trunk and neck; (iii) negative fungal staining of scales; (iv) no response to antifungal treatment; and (v) excellent response to minocycline. However, a few cases of CRP sparing the upper trunk have also shown the typical histopathological findings, clinical findings, and treatment responses of CRP. A 42-year-old Korean woman presented to our clinic with a 4-year history of asymptomatic, brownish, and reticulated skin lesions in her antecubital and axillary regions (Fig. 1A). She reported that her skin lesions had worsened in May and improved slightly in October without any specific treatment. We performed a potassium hydroxide test to rule out fungal infection. Because the test result was negative at the antecubital fossa but positive at the axilla, we began treatment with oral itraconazole and topical flutrimazole cream for 2 weeks. Despite the 2 weeks of treatment, her skin lesions persisted. We then performed an axillary skin biopsy. Histopathological evaluation revealed papillomatosis and hyperkeratosis of the epidermis, and downward growth of the epidermis between the rete ridges (Fig. 2). Periodic acid Schiff staining did not reveal any fungal organism. On the basis of these findings, we diagnosed her condition as CRP limited to the flexural areas. After 2 months of doxycycline treatment (100 mg twice a day), her skin lesions completely disappeared (Fig. 1B). Fig. 1 (A) Hyperpigmented scaly macules with a reticular pattern on the axilla and antecubital fossa. (B) Complete resolution of the skin lesions after 2 months of doxycycline treatment. Fig. 2 Histopathological findings of the axillary lesion showing an orthokeratotic epidermis with acanthosis and papillomatosis plus mild perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate in the superficial dermis (H&E, ×200). Our patient exhibited only limited lesions at the antecubital fossae and axilla, which is inconsistent with the previous diagnostic criteria for CRP1. Several cases of CRP had involved various flexural areas alone, including the axilla2,3, popliteal fossa2, or antecubital regions4. These lesions fulfilled other diagnostic criteria for CRP. Therefore the criteria related to the primary affected sites should be revised. In addition, the criteria for fungal staining and response to antifungal treatment should be modified. Occasionally, CRP and fungal infection coexist5, as in this patient, however an important diagnostic consideration is that CRP lesions cannot be improved with antifungal treatment even in the presence of a positive fungal examination. Finally, minocycline3,4 has been known as the treatment of choice for CRP; however, other antibiotics have also been efficacious3. The exact reason for the effect of antibiotics is unclear, but many dermatologists speculate that their anti-inflammatory effect may be more predominant than their anti-bacterial effect1. As mentioned above, the previous diagnostic criteria for CRP had several limitations in cases of unusually involved location, co-infection with fungus, and use of antibiotics other than minocycline. Therefore, we propose a modified diagnostic criteria, as follows: (i) clinical findings includeing scaly brown macules and patches, with at least some appearing reticulated and papillomatous; (ii) involvement of the upper trunk, neck, or flexural areas; (iii) negative fungal staining of scales or no response to antifungal treatment; and (iv) excellent response to antibiotics.

100 Deals associated with Flutrimazole

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D07193	Flutrimazole	D01AC16 G01AF18	DB13425

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Tinea Pedis	GB	Noucor Health SA	01 Jun 2003
Tinea Versicolor	GB	Noucor Health SA	01 Jun 2003
Mycoses	ES	-	10 Mar 1995

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Tinea Pedis	Phase 2	CN	Jiangsu Nhwa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	18 Jun 2013
Tinea Versicolor	Phase 2	CN	Kaifeng Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd.	26 Mar 2013
Candidiasis, Cutaneous	Discovery	CN	Kaifeng Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd.	26 Mar 2013