Dyslipidemia is a major coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factor. In spite of the proven efficacy of statin drugs in reducing CHD burden, there is still much room for the discovery of novel therapeutic agents to address the considerable residual cardiovascular risk that remains after treatment with currently available medications. In particular, there is an urgent demand for drugs capable of boosting the concentration and/or function of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), thereby promoting reverse cholesterol transport. Phospholipids are naturally occurring fats that play indispensible role in human health via their structural, energy storage, signal transduction and metabolic functions. Supplementation with either purified or mixed preparations of bioactive phospholipids has been reported to ameliorate a range of nutritional and cardiovascular disorders. Moreover, several lines of evidence have supported the efficacy of dietary phospholipids in reducing serum and hepatic contents of cholesterol and triglycerides, while increasing HDL-C and apo A-I levels. These beneficial effects of phospholipids could be attributed to their ability in reducing intestinal cholesterol absorption, enhancing biliary cholesterol excretion and modulating the expression and activity of transcriptional factors and enzymes that are involved in lipoprotein metabolism. Given their extreme safety and biocompatibility, dietary supplementation with phospholipid preparations, in particular phosphatidylinositol, appears as a novel and effective strategy that could be used as an alternative or adjunctive therapy to the current medications. The present review outlines the in-vitro, in-vivo and clinical findings on the anti-dyslipidemic effects of three most abundant phospholipids in the human body and diet namely phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol.

01 Jan 1982·The Journal of reproductive medicineQ4 · MEDICINE

Surfactants, L/S ratio, amniotic fluid optical density and fetal pulmonary maturity.

Q4 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Herschel, M J ; Kennedy, J L ; Blake, G D ; Delise, C M ; Cetrulo, C L ; Selvaraj, R J ; Mitchell, G W ; Spinosa, D ; Sbarra, A J

Optical density readings of amniotic fluids of 0.15 or greater at 650 nm have been noted to correlate with fetal pulmonary maturity. The amniotic fluid absorbance has been shown to be due not only to lecithin and sphingomyelin but also to other surfactants, including phosphatidyl glycerol and inositol. The addition of lecithin and sphingomyelin to previously centrifuged amniotic fluid (i.e., optical) density less than 0.001: L/S ratio, nondetectable) results in an increase in absorbance. At any simulated L/S ratio, the addition of phosphatidyl glycerol and/or phosphatidyl inositol results in a further increase in optical density. It is suggested that optical density readings represent more closely the surfactant composition of amniotic fluid than L/S ratios; therefore, it appears that optical density measurements are a better predictor of fetal pulmonary development than are L/S ratios.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Dyslipidemias	Phase 2	Canada	Liponex, Inc.	-

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ESMO2020	Not Applicable	Advanced Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma	948	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutations (Group A (PIK3CA mutation without established driver mutation))	zynqswdesc(ovvxkpepmi) = alnsbedmox pysskmpjix (bnpgptsqbr ) View more	-	17 Sep 2020
				phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutations (Group B (PIK3CA mutation with coexisting driver mutation))	nojetwjrso(ilejufznpd) = zwwpwlmcim ibwktcsqds (egljcuxiye ) View more

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