Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School

To compare the efficacy of e-cigarette (e-cig) provision with or without behavioral support (SWITCH IT) delivered via telehealth to reduce harm among smokers with MI who cannot quit smoking and are not ready to pursue cessation treatment, and to examine self-regulation (using e-cigs instead of cigarettes to cope with stress/distress and self-efficacy) as a potential mechanism for behavior change from SWITCH IT

Single center, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial in patients who present to the emergency department (ED) with a chief complaint of back pain. A total of 150 patients age 18-65 presenting to the emergency department with chief complaint of backpain will be enrolled from April 2024 - April 2025. Patients will be randomized and symptom levels will be recorded at 30, 60, 90, minutes. Follow-up will be performed by telephone at 24 hours.

Despite recent technological advances in type 1 diabetes (T1D) treatment, adolescents are the only age group for which glycemic levels have not improved. Technology and education help adolescents execute the mechanics of managing blood glucose levels, but do not help adolescents manage the emotional distress that arises when T1D management goals conflict with social/emotional goals (e.g., taking insulin for a meal in front of new friends vs. trying to "fit-in"). The emotional distress caused by such situations can be difficult to manage and can lead to unhealthy risk behaviors and disengagement in T1D self-management (e.g., deciding to skip a lunch-time bolus to avoid bolusing in front of new friends).
A novel approach in T1D research is to target emotions directly by promoting emotion regulation skills. In the general population, emotion regulation interventions have demonstrated success in preventing both unhealthy behaviors and mood disorders among younger adolescents, including younger adolescents with social-emotional risk-factors like low SES. The investigators' scientific premise is that an emotion regulation intervention for younger adolescents with T1D (age 12-14) could promote skills to help youth manage emotional burdens of living with T1D, reduce unhealthy and risky T1D self-management behaviors, and prevent unhealthy patterns of behaviors and distress/mood disorders that often appear in later adolescence.
Using the ORBIT Model, a systematic framework for developing behavioral interventions for people with chronic diseases, the investigators adapted an evidence-based, manualized emotion regulation intervention for young adolescents, so that it is relevant for youth with T1D. The current study is a natural extension of this previous work. For the current study, the investigators propose to complete a feasibility and acceptability trial of this novel emotion regulation intervention for youth with T1D.
The investigators aimed to pilot the novel emotion regulation intervention (11 virtual group sessions) with 3 sequential groups of 6-8 young adolescents (age 12-14) with T1D in each group and obtain feedback from facilitators and participants and their parents after each session, and after the intervention.