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Congenital Disorders

Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases

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Herbal medicine

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Disease Domain	Count

Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases	1

Top 5 Drug Type	Count

Herbal medicine	1

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Hemoglobins	1

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains a global health concern despite current treatment options. This study investigated the potential of Tapinanthus cordifolius (TC) leaf extract as a therapeutic agent for T2DM. T2DM was induced in rats using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Diabetic rats received daily oral administration of TC extract (200, 400, or 800 mg/kg) and metformin (400 mg/kg) or remained untreated for 21 days. Blood glucose levels, body weight, diabetic symptoms, oxidative stress markers, and gene expression of metabolic regulators were assessed. TC treatment significantly reduced blood glucose levels and restored body weight in diabetic rats, comparable to the effects of metformin. TC also increased antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GST, and CAT) and decreased lipid peroxidation in various tissues. Furthermore, TC upregulated gene expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4) and adiponectin receptor 2 (ADIPOR-2) while downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. This study provides the first in vivo evidence supporting TC leaf extract's anti-diabetic and antioxidant efficacy. The findings suggest that TC holds promise as a natural therapeutic agent for managing T2DM through multiple mechanisms, including improved glycemic control, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and protection against oxidative stress and tissue damage. In conclusion, this study validates the ethnobotanical use of TC as an anti-diabetic agent. Further research is warranted to isolate the bioactive compounds responsible for these effects.

01 Jun 2024·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences

Photostability and photodynamic antimicrobial profile of dye extracts from four (4) plants: prospects for eco-friendly low-cost food disinfection and topical biomedical applications

Article

Author: Galstyan, Anzhela ; Adamu, Aliyu ; Majiya, Hussaini

In this study, photostability and photodynamic antimicrobial performance of dye extracts from Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) calyces, Sorghum bicolor (SB) leaf sheaths, Lawsonia inermis (LI) leaves and Curcuma longa (CL) roots were investigated in Acetate-HCl (AH) Buffer (pH 4.6), Tris Base-HCl (TBH) Buffer (pH 8.6), distilled water (dH₂O), and Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS, pH 7.2) using Bacillus subtilis as model for gram positive bacteria, Escherichia coli as model for gram negative bacteria, phage MS2 as model for non-envelope viruses and phage phi6 as model for envelope viruses including SARS CoV-2 which is the causative agent of COVID-19. Our results showed that the photostability of the dye extracts is in the decreasing order of LI > CL > SB > HS. The dye extract-HS is photostable in dH₂O but bleaches in buffers-AH, TBH and PBS. The rate of bleaching is higher in AH compared to in TBH and PBS. The bleaching and buffers affected the photodynamic and non-photodynamic antimicrobial activity of the dye extracts. The photodynamic antibacterial activity of the dye extracts is in the decreasing order of CL > HS > LI > SB while the non-photodynamic antibacterial activity is in the decreasing order of LI > CL > HS > SB. The non-photodynamic antiviral activity pattern observed is the same as that of non-photodynamic antibacterial activity observed. However, the photodynamic antiviral activity of the dye extracts is in the decreasing order of CL > LI > HS > SB. Given their performance, the dye extracts maybe mostly suitable for environmental applications including fresh produce and food disinfection, sanitation of hands and contact surfaces where water can serve as diluent for the extracts and the microenvironment is free of salts.

23 Mar 2024·Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

Screening of traditional medicinal plant extracts and compounds identifies a potent anti-leishmanial diarylheptanoid from Siphonochilus aethiopicus

Article

Author: Singh, Shailja ; Jain, Ravi ; Ezenyi, Ifeoma ; Madan, Evanka ; Ghousepeer, Gajala Deethamvali ; Singhal, Jhalak ; Igoli, John ; Chakrabarti, Amrita ; Pandey, Ramendra Pati ; Igoli, Ngozichukwuka

Available anti-leishmanial drugs are associated with toxic side effects, necessitating the search for safe and effective alternatives.This study is focused on identifying traditional medicinal plant natural products for anti-leishmanial potential and possible mechanism of action.Compounds S and T. cordifolia residual fraction (TC-5) presented the best anti-leishmanial activity (IC50: 0.446 and 1.028 mg/mL) against promastigotes at 48 h and less cytotoxicity to THP-1 macrophages.These test agents elicited increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines; TNFα and IL-12.In infected untreated macrophages, NO release was suppressed but was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in infected cells treated with compound S.Importantly, Compound S was found to interact with LdTopoIIdimerin silico, resulting in a likely reduced ability of nucleic acid (dsDNA)-remodelling and, as a result, parasite proliferation in vitro.Thereby, Compound S possesses anti-leishmanial activity and this effect occurs via a Th1-mediated pro-inflammatory response.An increase in NO release and its inhibitory effect on LdTopoII may also contribute to the anti-leishmanial effect of compound S.These results show the potential of this compound as a potential starting point for the discovery of novel anti-leishmanial leads.

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Pipeline

Pipeline Snapshot as of 26 Nov 2024

The statistics for drugs in the Pipeline is the current organization and its subsidiaries are counted as organizations,Early Phase 1 is incorporated into Phase 1, Phase 1/2 is incorporated into phase 2, and phase 2/3 is incorporated into phase 3

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