A review with 41 referencesCertain plant defense proteins have potent antifungal activity in vitro and may be useful as therapeutic agents in the treatment of human fungal disease.Pathogenesis-related Group 5 proteins are homologous to thaumatin, a sweet tasting protein from a South African shrub, and are known as thaumatin-like proteins.Thaumatin-like proteins have been isolated from a number of monocots and dicots; included is zeamatin, a protein isolated from Zea mays.Zeamatin appears to exert its antifungal activity by a mechanism of action significantly different from that of currently-used antifungal therapeutics.In addition, recent results obtained by the authors of this review indicate that zeamatin is effective in combination with other antifungal drugs in treating systemic and vaginal Candida albicans infections.