Inactivated hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) vaccine by primary kidney cells of gerbil mice cultured on Cell-Stack apparatus (also called cell factory) instead of typical roller culture was prepared so as to increase the yield and decrease the use of gerbil mice. Primary kidney cells of gerbil mice were cultured on Cell-Stack apparatus, using those cultured in 15 L rolling bottle as control. The growths of cells, as well as titers and antigen contents of harvested virus cultured by the two methods were compared. The harvested virus liquid was concentrated by ultrafiltration, then purified by Sepharose-4FF chromatog. and subjected to control tests. At the same stage of culture, the quantity of cells on Cell-Stack apparatus was equal to that in rolling bottle, while the quantity of primary kidney cells of gerbil mice inoculated required by the former was only 1/3 of that by the latter. About (10-20)% of cells inoculated with virus in roller culture were exfoliated after harvest for 5 times, while those cultured on Cell-Stack apparatus showed little exfoliation, only 20% of which were exfoliated after harvest for 9 times. The titer and antigen content of each virus harvest of culture on Cell-Stack apparatus were higher than those of roller culture, which were stable within a certain range. The virus liquid after concentration and purification was qualified in control tests. The yield of vaccine prepared by culture of primary kidney cells of gerbil mice on Cell-Stack apparatus increased, while the cultural space and contamination decreased, indicating that Cell-Stack apparatus might be used for large-scale production of inactivated HFRS vaccine instead of roller culture.